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Autonomy v. Shame & Doubt
2 year old Clem wants to pick out her outfit and get dressed on her own today but her father says no because she takes too long and doesn't coordinate her outfits. Clem begins to feel shame and doubts her ability to get dressed by herself. Eriksons second stage, autonomy v. shame & doubt, the crisis is children who aren't allowed to gain independence and have everything done for them develop a sense of inadequacy and self-doubt. -
Industry v. Inferiority
6 year old Audrey has been working on a project in her kindergarten class with other classmates. All the students are excited to show their parents later during the art show. Later, during the art show when Audrey's mother shows up, her mother cheers her on and tells her what an amazing job she has done. Erikson's 4th stage, industry v. inferiority, crisis is children who aren't encouraged and don't receive praise for their efforts develop a sense of inferiority. -
Basic Trust v. Mistrust
9 month old Heinrich is a very loved baby. His parents always hold and take good care of him. Heinrich has developed a sense of trust and feels secure that he will always be given what he needs. Erikson's first stage is basic trust v. mistrust, with the crisis being that if an infant is born being unsure about the world around them and if it isn't given its basic needs, it develops a mistrust of the world, anxiety, and suspicion.
