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End of War of 1812
When The War of 1812 ended, it restored pre-war borders and resolved none of the major issues like impressment or trade restrictions. However, the war boosted American nationalism and unity. The conflict weakened Native American resistance and ended British interference in U.S. affairs, leading to the decline of the Federalist Party and the "Era of Good Feelings." -
James Monroe elected president
James Monroe was elected the 5th U.S. President in 1816 and served from 1817 to 1825. His presidency, saw political unity after the War of 1812. Monroe is best remembered for the Monroe Doctrine, which opposed European interference in the Western Hemisphere. He also oversaw the Adams-Onís Treaty, acquiring Florida from Spain, and the Missouri Compromise, which addressed slavery in new states. His leadership marked a period of national growth and stability. -
Admission of Indiana as a state
Indiana was admitted as the 19th state of the United States on December 11, 1816. Its path to statehood was shaped by the expansion of U.S. territory and the desire for a balanced representation between free and slave states. And created sectional tension between northern and southern states, fighting for which states would be free/slave states. -
Rush-Bagot Treaty
The Rush-Bagot Treaty, signed in 1817 between the United States and Great Britain, aimed to reduce naval forces on the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain after the War of 1812. It called for the mutual limitation of military vessels on these lakes, fostering peaceful relations and reducing the potential for conflict between the two nations -
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First Seminole War
The First Seminole War (1817-1818) was fought between the United States and the Seminole tribe in Florida, which was then a Spanish territory. The conflict began after Seminoles, along with runaway slaves(led by the abolitionist movement with key figures like Frederick Douglass), attacked American settlements in Georgia, prompting U.S. military action led by General Andrew Jackson. The war ended with a U.S. victory, resulting in the acquisition of Florida for the U.S. -
Acquisition of Florida from Spain(Adam’s-Onis treaty)
The Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819 was an agreement between the United States and Spain in which Spain ceded Florida to the U.S. in exchange for the U.S. relinquishing claims to Texas and agreeing to assume $5 million in Spanish debts. This treaty helped solidify U.S. expansion towards the west. And ended Spanish control in Florida. One of the key negotiators was Secretary of State John Quincy Adam’s. -
Panic of 1819
The Panic of 1819 was the first major financial crisis in the United States, triggered by a collapse in land prices, the failure of banks, and a sharp contraction of credit. It led to a failure in economic growth and caused panic. -
McCulloch vs Maryland
In McCulloch v. Maryland (1819), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the federal government had the implied constitutional authority to create a national bank, and that states could not tax federal institutions. The decision, reinforced the supremacy of federal law over state law and established the precedent for a broad interpretation of federal powers under the Constitution. -
Missouri Comprimise
The Missouri Compromise of 1820 was a legislative agreement that admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, maintaining the balance of power between free and slave states in the U.S. Senate. It also established the 36°30' parallel as the dividing line, with slavery prohibited in territories north of the line. Henry Clay and Daniel Webster played a big part in easing the tensions between the north and south through the compromise. -
Monroe Doctrine
The Monroe Doctrine, written by President James Monroe in 1823, declared that the Western Hemisphere was closed to further European colonization and that any attempts by European powers to interfere in the Americas would be considered acts of aggression against the United States. And created the precedent of the US staying isolated out of foreign affairs. -
Gibbons vs Ogden
In Gibbons v. Ogden (1824), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the federal government, not individual states, had the authority to regulate interstate commerce, including navigation. It was part of the rise of the American system of a strong federal government. -
Indian Removal Act
The Indian Removal Act of 1830, signed into law by President Andrew Jackson, and his Vice President John C Calhoun, authorized the federal government to forcibly relocate Native American tribes living east of the Mississippi River to lands west of the river, in what is now Oklahoma. The act led to part of the Age of reform with people like Susan B Anthony leading movements to combat rights being taken away