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Period: to
Enlightenment & Revolution Timespan
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English Civil War
The English Civil War- a series of armed conflicts/political problems between the Roundheads and Cavaliers. Some monarchs during this time included:
Henry VII- King of England and known for his role in the separation of the Church of England from the Roman Catholic Church.
Elizabeth I- Elizabeth was the 5th and last monarch of the Tudor dynasty.
Charles II- Monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland.
James II- King of England and was deposed in the Glorious Revolution. -
Enlightenment Period
The Age of Enlightenment- a cultural movement of people beginning in the late 17th and 18th century Europe emphasizing reason/individualism rather than tradition. Some enlightened thinkers were:
1. John Locke- Supported democracy & believed that all humans are naturally happy.
2.Montesquieu- Diveded government into 3 three branches (Executive, Legislative & Judicial)
3. Voltaire- Believed in religious freedom and freedom of speech.
4. Rousseau- Percieved humans in original state as happy & good. -
Glorious Revolution in England
The Glorious Revolution was the overthrowing of King James II of England by a union of English Parliamentarians *Following Britain's bloodless Glorious Revolution, Mary, the daughter of the deposed king, and William of Orange, her husband, are proclaimed joint sovereigns of Great Britain under Britain's new Bill of Rights
*The Bill of Rights is an Act of the Parliament of England passed on 16 December 1689. -
American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War began as a war between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Thirteen Colonies, but gradually grew into a world war between Britain on one side and the newly formed United States, France, Netherlands, & Spain.
*The war was the result of the political American Revolution. The British Parliament insisted it had the right to tax colonists to finance the colonies' military defense, which had become increasingly expensive due to the French and Indian Wars. -
American Independence
*The Articles of Confederation- an agreement among the 13 founding states that established the United States of America as a confederation of sovereign states. Its drafting by the Continental Congress began in mid-1776.
*The US Constitution- the supreme law of the United States of America and originally consisted of seven Articles. Adopted on Sept. 17, 1787.
*The Bill of Rights is the collectivename for the first ten amendments to the US Constitution. Ratified on Sept. 25, 1789. -
French Revolution
The French Revolution was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France from 1789 to 1799 that had an impact on French and modern history worldwide.
*Causes of the French Revolution
-Financial Crisis
-Economic Depression
-New ideas of the Enlightenment Movement
*The Declaration of the Rights of Man is a fundamental document of the French Revolution and in the history of human rights, defining the individual and collective rights of all the estates of the realm as universal.
