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Montesquieu
French political philosopher who proposed the separation of powers in government. -
Voltaire
French philosopher known for his critiques of religion and advocacy for religious tolerance. -
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Philosopher who wrote "The Social Contract" and emphasized the concept of the "noble savage". -
Denis Diderot
French philosopher and editor of the Encyclopedia. a major dissemination of Enlightenment ideas. -
Adam Smith
Scottish economist who developed the theory of capitalism in "The Wealth of Nations".