Enlightenment and Nationalist Revolutions

  • Montesquieu publishes book, On the Spirit of Laws

    Montesquieu publishes book, On the Spirit of Laws
  • America declares independence

    America declares independence
  • French Revolution

    French Revolution
  • Napoleon overthrows the Directory through a coup d’etat

    Napoleon overthrows the Directory through a coup d’etat
  • Napoleon crowns himself emperor, begins to create a vast European Empire

    Napoleon crowns himself emperor, begins to create a vast European Empire
  • Haiti wins freedom from France

    Haiti wins freedom from France
  • Padre Hidalgo calls for Mexican Independence

    Padre Hidalgo calls for Mexican Independence
  • Napoleon is defeated at the Battle of Waterloo

    Napoleon is defeated at the Battle of Waterloo