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American Industry
Corporations were reshaped as science, efficiency, and mechanization took on new roles. Manufacturing grew by more than 27% between 1910 and 1920. -
Progression Movement
Woodrow Wilson was elected and continued to push the progressive movement, he wanted to eliminate corporate trusts and strove the use the government to protect the people. Reformers continued working for the rights of the general population. -
Underwood Tariff Act
It promoted free trade by reducing the tariffs on foreign goods. -
World War I Begins
The war pushed the U.S. to become the most powerful economic nation. Farmers had great success and industries increased productivity due to needed war supplies. Steel production doubled its output compared to before the war. Government induced inflation, pushed the wholesale price index up 98% from 1913-1918. -
Clayton Anti-Trust Act
The Clayton Anti-Trust Act and the Federal Trade Commison (FTC) were proposed, it banned monopolies of big businesses enforced by the FTC. This worked with the acts and comissions -
End of World War I
World War I, known as the Great War or the War to End All Wars before the second world war. A war involving most of the globe originating in Europe ended by an armistice signed by Germany. -
Treaty or Versailles
One of the most important peace treaties, it brought the end to World War I. The Treaty ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand (which was one of the causes of the war). -
Roaring Twenties
A time of wealth and happiness. Lasted until the economy started to fall before the depression hit on October 29, 1929 -
British unemployed
There were over 2 million unemployed because of the depression in Britain alone. -
Ruhr Crisis (Europe)
After World War I, Germany signed the Treaty of Versailles, which stated that Germany would assume responsibility for the war and would pay reparations to the Allied victors. However, Germany's economy was damaged, and the payment of reparations only increased the damage. French forces occupied the Ruhr Valley, when Germany failed to make reparations to France. The French saw occupying the Ruhr Valley as a way to force Germany to pay the reparations, it did not end up working. -
Black Tuesday
The stock market crashed in 1929, starting the Great Depression in the United States of America. This crash occurred due to several factors, including a surplus of goods, an uneven distribution of wealth, and an increasing number of people buying on margin. -
Great Depression (U.S.)
The deepest and longest-lasting economic downturn in the history of the Western industrialized world. In the United States, the Great Depression began soon after the stock market crash in October 1929, which sent Wall Street into a panic and wiped out millions of investors. Before "Black Tuesday," The stock market had been heading down. People were relying on credit, which led to inflation rates increasing and then later the banks hitting bankruptcy. The depression finally ended in 1941. -
Great Depression (Europe)
The great depression started in America and slowly spread around the world. It lasted about 10 years then ended on November 30, 1939 and totally changed how everyone lived. -
Young Plan is adopted
After World War I, Germany agreed to pay reparations to Allies. However, Germany's economy collapsed, so the Dawes Plan, which provided economic aid to Germany, was introduced. The Young Plan was adopted in lieu of the Dawes Plan because Germany would not have been able to pay the reparations. The Young Plan reduced reparations by 20%. -
Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act
Instituted by President Hoover in place of the Young Plan when the Great Depression hit. The act raised US tariffs on imported and exported goods. The raised tariffs seemed beneficial at first, but they caused US imports and exports to decrease by over 60%, which had an effect in worsening the Depression. -
Lausanne Conference
A meeting including representatives from Britain, France, and Germany. At the conference, it was decided that World War I reparations would be temporarily lifted due to the events of the Great Depression. Britain, France, and Germany also hoped that the US would decrease their reparations. Although the US did not decrease the reparations, Germany completely stopped making payments due to the Great Depression. -
Bonus Army marches on Washington
The Bonus Army was a group of World War I veterans who marched in Washington D.C. to demand early payments of bonus certificates that they received which would not be redeemed until 1945. Many veterans were unable to get jobs even before the Great Depression, many needed the bonuses. President Hoover ordered General Douglas MacArthur to clear out the Bonus Army's campsite, and MacArthur burned it, he also ordered another attack on the Bonus Army. -
European nations introduce tariffs and import quotas
The Great Depression was an international recession that greatly impacted almost every country regardless of their different industries. European countries were greatly impacted because they were still recovering from the costs of World War I. In order to deal with their worsening economies, European nations introduced tariffs and import quotas. However, these decreased the trade between nations. -
FDR calls Bank Holiday
Upon his election, Franklin Delano Roosevelt immediately declared a bank holiday. During the bank holiday, the entire banking system, including the Federal Reserve, was shut down. This allowed the Emergency Banking Act to be passed, which outlined plans for banking crises. -
Emergency Banking Act
The act was passed during the emergency banking holiday, it included plans in case a recession occurred once again. -
Public Works Administration
Formed as part of the first New Deal, The PWA was responsible for large construction projects, such as schools, roads, airports, bridges, and dams. Meant to create and stabilize the economy by creating relief jobs, and also improve the nation's infrastructure by constructing public works. -
Works Progress Administration formed
The largest New Deal program that employed 3.3 million and provided almost 8 million jobs. Like the Public Works Administration, the WPA also funded construction projects such as roads. The WPA also employed artists, musicians, writers, and photographers in large arts projects, such as painting murals. -
Black Sunday
The first dust bowl hitting Kansas, Texas, and Oklahoma occurred shocking the country. -
Dust Bowl/ Dirty Thirties
The dust Bowl was a series of dust storms mostly in in the mid-west due to an extreme drought. By 1938 when the storms started to slow about 38 storms had already occurred. -
Social Security Act
The SSA was passed by Congress during the Second New Deal. It was a social welfare act that provided federal assistance for the elderly, people who had retired, and the unemployed. The Social Security Act saved money that had been deducted from taxes for people, which they could later receive and use when they were no longer employed, whether they had been fired or they had retired. -
Yet Another recession
During the Great Depression, the economy fluctuated. In 1937, the economy had improved, and returned to its 1929 state. However, in July, another recession hit all of a sudden, and unemployment levels rose again lasting through 1938. Although the economy partially recovered in 1938, it did not recover fully improve until World War II. -
World War II
The war brought an end to the Great Depression by providing many jobs constructing materials for the war. Germany had been becoming more aggressive, until it finally invaded Poland. This made Britain and France declare war on Germany, although the US did not join until later, it supported Britain and France. World War II was the only thing capable of ending the depression not even all the acts, laws, and "New Deals" could. -
Pearl Harbor
A harbor in Hawaii was bombed by the Japanese during World War II causing the US to join the war against Japan. -
VE Day
The Allies accepted Germany's surrender, about a week after Adolf Hitler had committed suicide. VE Day – Victory in Europe celebrates the end of the Second World War. -
End of World War II
The Second World War ended with the unconditional surrender of the Axis powers. -
Cold War began
The cold war was a very long "war" with no fighting just basically alot of disagreement. -
Vietnam War
The war was one of the longest and most costly of all the wars. The cost of the war just to us was $173 billion, and even more to some who were more dedicated and started earlier. The Vietnam war was fought between North Vietnam supported by the Soviet Union, China, and other communists. Against Southern Vietnam with the United States and other anti-communist allies. The war was caused by communism, the war is known because of it didn't have a big affect on the world. Ended April 30, 1975 -
Period of good economic growth 1960's
During the 60's people made a comeback, the economy was recovering from the depression which started about 30 year before. -
Gas Crisis
During two separate oil crises in the 1970s, Americans all over the country faced persistent gas shortages as the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, or OPEC, disrupted oil supplies. In 1973 and again in 1979, drivers frequently faced around-the-block lines when they tried to fill up. -
70's Inflation
The Great Inflation of the 1970 was caused because the stock market was a mess. It lost 40% in an 18-month period, and for close to a decade few people want anything to do with stocks. Economic growth was weak, which resulted in an uprising of the unemployed that eventually reached the double-digits. -
Immigration Reform and Control Act
The purpose of this legislation was to amend, revise, and re-asses the status of unauthorized immigrants set forth in the Immigration and Nationality Act. -
End of the Cold War
The cold war was a very long "war" with no fighting just basically alot of disagreement. Featured many races such as the race to space. -
EEC
The European Economic Community was formed to prevent another depression or recession. -
Euro introduced
The euro was introduced and adopted by 11 countries, including Belgium, Germany, Ireland, Spain, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal and Finland. -
Greece change of money
Greece converted to the Euro. -
9/11
The Twin Towers, Pentagon, and almost the Capitol were hit by hijacked planes invaded by terrorists. -
Hurricane Katrina
The eleventh named storm and fifth hurricane of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season. It was the costliest natural disaster and one of the five deadliest hurricanes in the history of the United States. It hit the New Orleans area resulting in major damage that has taken years to completely restore. The estimated amount of damage to both New Orleans and Mississippi was $150 billion for a storm that lasted 8 days. -
5 more for the Euro
Five other countries have joined the euro area, including Slovenia, Cyprus, Malta, Slovakia and Estonia. -
Recession (US)
The U.S. economy slid into a recession in 2007, the collapse of the investment bank "Lehman Brothers" fastened the pace of the global financial crisis. -
S&P Index
The Standard & Poor's 500 index closed at 1,251.70. -
Lehman Banruptcy
The Lehman Brothers filed for bankruptcy, over the ensuing months, the S&P 500 index would lose nearly half its value. -
S&P index closes
The Standard & poor Index bottoms out and closes at 676.53. -
Hurricane Gonzalo
The strongest Atlantic hurricane of 2014, clocking in with 145 mph winds. Gonzalo hit Bermuda, followed by the United Kingdom, where it killed three people. They estimated the damage to coat $300 million for an 8 day hurricane.
