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Oct 22, 1500
Native Trading System
-The native trading system was called the barter system.
-Trading system and notion of wonership: barter system.
-Trading network happened between multiple families, groups, and various tribes. -
French Regime
-The French Regime happened between 1608-1760.
-The effects of the economy was based on fur trade on the organization of society and territory.
-Establishment of two trading posts, the towns of Quebec and Three Rivers.
-The influence of the system of chartered companies on the organization of society and territory (100 Associates). -
British Regime
-The British Regime is between 1760-1867
-At first, the economy is based on fur, but there is a decline in the fur trade at the beginning of the 19th century.
-Then the economy is based on timber. -
Creation of The North-West Company
-The North-West Company was formed by fur traders from Montreal.
-It was formed due to the fact that the French had just lost to the British in the Seven Year War and they had nobpdy to work for, so they joined the fur trade.
-This causes alot of competition between The North-West Company and The Hudson's Bay Company. -
Increase In Demand For Timber
-The economy is know based on timber.
-In 1806, the rise in timber demand increased, while the demand in fur decrease greatly. -
Creation of the Bank of Montreal
-The creation of the Bank of Montreal allows people to invest and obtain credit. -
The Merge of North-West Company and Hudson's Bay Company
-At the beginning of the 19th century there was a decrease in the demand for fur trade.
-The competition between the two companies was extremely high so they finally came to the decision of merging the two companies together. -
Signing Of The Reciprocity Treaty
-Canada and the USA sign a Reciprocity treaty that last 10 years.
-This treaty meant that both customs and duties between the two countries are temporarily ceased.
-This is an advantage for the Canadian producers, due to the fact that the states were such a large market. -
First Phase of Industrialization
-The first phase of industrialization happens between 1867-1900.
-The first phase of industrialization has a big impact on the population, because people would rather work in factories rather than farms. This is before they found out how awful the living/working conditions were. -
Population Increase of Quebec and Canada
-From 1871-1901 the population of Quebec and Canada increased by 30-49%.
-Birth rate in Quebec remains very high, however people kept leaving Quebec due to the fact that the farms were still over crowded.
-People moved to urban centers, new unskilled labor demands. -
The National Policy
-The Nationalist politics of MacDonald in 1878= The National policy.
-Has three main points.
- 1. Increase Costum Duties, to protect as well as promote Canadian Industries.
- 2.Build Railways, which will increase trade and unify people.
- 3. Envourage Immigration, especially in Western Canada, bigger population= bigger market. -
Second Phase of Industrialization
-The seond phase of industrialization happened between 1900-1930.
-Expansion of factories.
-Since there is a lot more factories and companies, which means that there is a lot more competition.
-This phase transforms the economy and society. -
Strikes and Unions
-In the early 1900's the people started to go on strike and started unions.
-About a year after moving from the farms to go work in factories, the people started to notice how badly treated they were and thought that they were being looked down on.
-Also started to realize how bad the working conditions were, as well as the living conditions and wanted that to be changed. -
World War One
- World War One happened between 1914-1918. -Canada had to fight because Britain told them to (no choice), there is a conscription crisis. -Women's rights improved (reason why us women can vote today). -Women take men's place in the workforce, so they also placed their vote to replace their husband's since they were at war. -When the soldiers come back there was a population boost, because now the women can get pregnant again, families formed quickly. -Economic improvements.
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Women's Right To Vote
-Since the women had to vote on behalf of their husbands during World War One.
-This results in women obtaining the right to vote in Federal elections (first only family forces in 1917, then all in 1918. -
World War Two
-Canada went to war on our own accord (we weren't forced).
-There was another conscription crisis, the only difference was that the soldiers never actually saw the war, because they were shipped to Europe, but once they got there the war was already over.
-Another population increase when the soldiers returned home from war this was called "THE BABY BOOM" and there was a lot of immigration. -
The Great Depression
-The Great Depression was caused because the stock market crashed.
-People lost their jobs and houses and had little to no money.
-The gouvernment solutions were public works projects to boost the economy, work camps, direct aid, encouraged farming.
-The Great Depression came to an end at the start of World War Two in 1939, because this led to a huge economic boost. -
Post World War Two
-Post World War Two there was a lot of prosperity, which means that Canada was doing very well.
-There was a lot of immigration to Canada.
-Another population increase when the soldiers returned home from war this was called "THE BABY BOOM". -
Post World War One
-The economy was very good, Canada made a lot of money.
-The reason for this is because since the war wasn't in Canada, none of our own infrastructure was destroyed because of the war.
-Canada had to help others rebuild what was destroyed, which means we make money.
-Many factories opened up because of this.
-When the soldiers come back there was a population boost, because now the women can get pregnant again, families formed quickly. -
The Quiet Revolution
-The Quiet Revolution began in Quebec with the electorla defeat of the Union Nationale by Jean Lesage and his Liberal Party.
-Best described as a rapis and far-reaching process of social, economical, and political reform in Quebec from the early to the late 1960's.
-They slowly wanted to get rid of religion.
-It can be called the beginning of the welfare state, where we see a massive increase in government intervention. -
Oil Crisis
-In the late 1970's and 1980's there was an Oil Crisis that led to a recession and the Disengaement of the State.
-Many goverment companies were privatised. -
Hydroelectricity
-One of he last large projects was the creation of the James Bay hydroelectric dam. -
The Free Trade Agreement
-Canada entered agreements with the USA, called The Free Trade Agreement of 1988. -
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
-Canada entered agreements with Mexico, called North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), which was signed in 1993.
