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Period: 1483 to 1546
Martin Luther
Martin Luther had it an essential for teachers to allow children to have knowledge on how to read. He also had made books such as the bible in different languages so the culture practicing reading could read as well but in their own language. As of this day and age generation, this is still an essential for teachers to teach the children in their classroom how to read, because reading is a priority for all basics in learning children. He developed societies to know the importance of reading. -
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John Amos Comenius
John Amos Comenius had written his own text books The Great Didactic and Orbis Pictus that were considered to be the first picture books for children. He believed that children should be taught at early ages due to the importance of learning at an early age was better than children learning older on and have to have them grow and then taught vs growing and learning at the same time which was believed to be easier. Montessori uses this technique to this day as works for children. -
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John Locke
John Locke is best known for a theory he created such as tabula rasa. He believed that no children should be taught differently due to background or ethnicity. Also, the environmental influences for the children at the beginning would help any child no matter the lifestyle. It can help erase differences in their achievement. Today there are programs that help with the different ethnicity and background children come from to help them get an education that any child deserves. -
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Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau is best known/ remember from a book that he wrote called Émile which had showed his views about his educational and political points. He had concluded that a child should learn not by interference and restrictions on specific learning but should learn by natural education for young children. Unfolding was an idea he had. He wanted children to unfold themselves to be who and what they would be. -
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Johann Pestalozzi
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi was influenced by the philosophies of John Amos Comenius and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. He believed that their philosophies together would help make a child successful using sensory and their natural potentials. Pestalozzi developed “object lessons” that had revitalized activities such as counting, measuring, feeling, and touching. He was also a writer of the books How Gertrude Teaches Her Children and Book for Mothers. -
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Robert Owen
Robert Owen had a belief that consisted with a theory that a child’s environment contributes to their beliefs, behavior, and achievements. Environments were and still are believed to shape a child’s character. Society had gone off his theory and believed as well that the relationship that is built between early childhood education and educational and societal improvements was important and a key role. -
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Friedrich Froebel
Friedrich Wilhelm Froebel had created a system that he based off of the ideas of John Amos Comenius and Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi’s children learning based off the “unfolding” idea. The view of teacher’s observing the children while children unfold and providing activities that allows them to learn things when ready. He created a system and curriculum using “gifts”, “occupations”, games, and songs. -
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Maria Montessori
Maria Montessori had opened her first school called Casa dei Bambini that refers to “Children’s House” that included young children from tenement houses in Rome. Her main interest in education was for those with disabilities such as deafness, mental retardation, and paralysis. Maria Montessori’s idea are still used in schools to this day, especially in all Montessori’s. -
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Jean Piaget
Piaget had done experiments, observing children, and developing his own writing about his theory, his constructivist theory. The cognitive theory was development of child. Activities that were important in cognitive theory were mental and physical activities for the children. In classroom’s this technique is still used when children have involvement in learning activities, matching educational cognitive to children’s levels, and approaches that are made for child based off constructivism. -
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The Education of All Handicapped Children (EAHC)
The EAHC is an act that was originally passed by congress in 1975, it was a policy that made it in order to receive federal funds that states needed to create free public education for every child with a disability -
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The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
The IDEA was an act that was reauthorized and renamed from the EAHC act. IDEA was reauthorized in 1997 and then again in 2004, and still is currently in act. IDEA provides in classrooms for universal design, response to instruction, and differentiated instruction. Its goal is to federally fund the United States to provide equality education. As of today, every early childhood education teacher is considered to be a special education teacher. -
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No Child Left Behind (NCLB)
The No Child Left Behind act is an act that that all 50 states in the United States use to know what children should know and do. NCLB act federally funds schools have high test scores, meet yearly progress, and accountability measurement. Some schools state that it is too much on standard testing vs authentic assessments.