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louisiana territory
was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 4, 1805 until June 4, 1812, when it was renamed to Missouri Territory -
prussia declares war on france
The Russian army, an ally of Prussia, was still far away when Prussia declared war -
stethoscope
was superior to the normally used method of placing the ear over the chest, particularly if the patient was overweight. A stethoscope also avoided the embarrassment of placing the ear against the chest of a woman.