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First Scheduled Trans-Atlantic Service Launched
Black Ball Line operated scheduled services between Liverpool, England and New York ports which began in 1818. They were one of the first Sail/Steam powered packet ships. -
P&O Is Founded
In 1837, the company won a contract from the Government to deliver mail to the Iberian Peninsula. -
Cunard Line Is Founded
The Cunard Line is a cruise line based in Carnival house at Southampton, England and is operated by Carnival UK, founded as a British and North American Royal Mail Steam Packet Company. Is a company by Samual Cunard, Sir George Burns and Robert Napier. -
Cows Travel On Board
Britannia, a cruise ship operated by Cunard left Liverpool with cows on board to provide a fresh supply of milk to passengers. -
P&O Introduced First Leisure Cruises
In the year 1844, PO expanded into leisure cruising and began offering sailings from the UK to the Mediterranean. They also first introduced passenger services with leisure cruising from Southampton to the Mediterranean, they were the first of these voyages and the forerunner of modern cruise holidays.
(Customer Type Demand)These were originally aimed at those with high levels of wealth (Royalty, Nobles and Senior Government/Business Officals. -
First Cruise Between New York And Europe
The Ship, known as the Quaker City, was the first cruise departed from New York to Europe. -
First 100% Steel Structured Ship
PO launched the ship Ravenna, which is the first to be constructed with a 100% steel superstructure.
(Technological Development) This marked the first time a ship had been designed using 100% steel. This created a more solid structure compared to traditional wood. -
Electric Lights
The first ship to have electric lights is launched called SS Valetta.
(Technological Development) -
First Ship Exclusively For Cruising Launched
The first ship that was built exclusively for luxury cruising was the Prinzessin Victoria Luise of Germany. This was the worlds first purpose-built cruise ship, built in Germany and launched 1900 for Hamburg America Line. Most of her cruises were from Hoboken, New jersey to Carribean. Also cruised Meditterian and Black Sea. -
Titanic Sinks
The Titanic was a British ocean liner, sank early in early hours of 15th April 1912 from an iceberg on her maiden voyage from Southampton, England to New York. Out of 2,224 passengers who were on board, 1,500 died. It's known as the deadliest peacetime sinkings of a single ship. -
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Glamour Of Cruising
Between 1920 and 1940, they were considered the most glamorous for passengers seeking to cross the Atlantic. The ships catered to the rich and famous, they were able to enjoy the luxurious on board surroundings.
(Customer Type Demand)
(Social Economic Changes) -
Cruise Lines Merge
White Star Line merge with their main rival Cunard Line. The Line would remain as a single company until 2005 when it was merged into Carnival Corporation plc.
(Integration) -
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World War 2
Many cruise ships were used to transport troops heading to war. Cruises and transatlantic sailing come to an abrupt end. Many ocean liners were destroyed during the war. -
Growth Of Air Travel
Large passenger jet aircraft were introduced, with travellers switching from ships to planes. This caused a rapid decline in passenger numbers. -
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Increasing The Appeal
Emphasis began to be placed on the entertainment aspect, travelling on a cruise through the 1960's. Lines attempted to appeal to passengers who hadn't sailed on board transatlantic vessels between 1920 and 1940.
(Social Economic Changes)
(Technological advances)
(Changes in Customer Type Demand)