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500 BCE
The Alchemists
The Alchemists discovered that there are 4 basic elements, air, water, fire and earth. The practiced in secrecy, and later discovered that all metals are composed of mercury and sulfur and that it is possible to change base metals into gold. -
450 BCE
Aristotle
He was a Greek philosopher who made important contributions to logic, criticism, rhetoric, physics, biology, psychology, mathematics, metaphysics, ethics, and politics. He made pioneering contributions to all fields of philosophy and science, he invented the field of formal logic, and he identified the various scientific disciplines and explored their relationships to each other. -
427 BCE
Plato
Plato was an Athenian philosopher that played an important role in Greek history. In his written dialogues he conveyed and expanded on the ideas and techniques of his teacher Socrates. -
400 BCE
Democritus
He was known as the "laughing philosopher" because of his value of cheerfulness. Democritus was one of the main founders of the Ancient Atomist Theory. -
330 BCE
Solar System Model
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Robert Boyle
Robert Boyle discovered that the volume of a gas decreases with increasing pressure and increases with decreasing pressure. This is known as the Boyle's law. -
Lavoisier
He was an experimenter, revolutionized chemistry. He established the law of conservation of mass, and determined that combustion and respiration are caused by chemical reactions with what he named oxygen. -
John Dalton
John Dalton is best known for his pioneering theory of atomism. he was also, a schoolteacher, a meteorologist, and an expert on color blindness. -
Solid Sphere Model
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Dmitri Mendeleev
A Russian chemist who created the symbols of the chemical elements, by atomic weight order and creating the periodic table of elements. -
J.J Thomson
He was an English physicist who helped revolutionize the knowledge of atomic structure by his discovery of the electron. -
The Curies
Polish and French scientists, Marie and Pierre Currie, worked hard at discovering Radioactive elements. -
Plum Pudding Model
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Robert Millikan
Robert Millikan was a physicist who discovered the elementary charge of an electron using the oil-drop experiment. -
Ernest Rutherford
Ernest Rutherford postulated the nuclear structure of the atom, discovered alpha and beta rays, and proposed the laws of radioactive decay. He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1908. -
Neils Bohr
Bohr was one of the advanced scientists of modern physics, best known for his substantial contributions to quantum theory and his Nobel Prize-winning research on the structure of atoms. -
Henry G.J Mosely
He was an English physicist who experimentally demonstrated that the major properties of an element are determined by the atomic number, not by the atomic weight. Known as the "Mosely's law." -
Albert Einstein
German-born physicist who developed the special and general theories of relativity and won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. -
Werner Heisenberg
German physicist and philosopher who discovered a way to formulate quantum mechanics in terms of matrices. -
Electron Cloud Model
