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First schedule Trans-Atlantic Service Launched
The black ball lime operated on the first sail/team powered packet ships which offered a regular passenger service letting people on board and transfer them. They transfer these passenger between the ports of the Liverpool, England and New York t the beginning in 1818. The service later on expanded to include Boston and Philadelphia twice in each month. Their reputation then was used for fast ships, excellent seamanship and often brutal treatment of low ranking seaman. -
P&O Is Founded
In 1837 the PO company was awarded a contract from the government to deliver mail to the Iberian Peninsula. -
Cunard Line is Founded
The Cunard line is a British shipping and cruise line which is based on the carnival house in Southampton England. The Carnival house is owned by the Carnival Corporation and since 2011 Cunard and its four ships have been registered in Hamilton Bermuda. In 1839 Samual Cunard was awarded the first British Transatlantic steamship mail contract and the next year hey formed the British and North American Royal Mail Steam-Packet Company in Glasgow with shipowner Sir George Burns. -
Cows Travel On Board
Britannia is a cruise ship operated by Cunard left Liverpool with cows on board to provide a fresh supply of milk for the passengers. -
P&O Introduced first leisure cruises
In 1844 the PO Cruises then known as a Peninsula steam navigation company, began operating he first “leisure cruises” with passengers able to board smaller liners on journeys to for example the Mediterranean. This would later expand to the British empire. These were originally aimed at those with high level of wealth such as Royalty, Nobel and Senior government and Business officials. -
First cruise between New York and Europe
The ship, Quaker City, was the first cruise from New York to Europe. -
First 100% steel structured ship
PO was the ones who launched the first ship called Ravenna which is the first to be constructed with 100% steel superstructure. This was the first created with a more solid design compared to the old fashioned ships that were just made out of wood. [technological development] -
Electric Lights
The first ships to have electric lights is launched called SS Valletta.
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First ship Exclusively for cruising launch
Princess in Victoria Louise was the world’s first purpose-built ship. This ship was built in Germany for Hamburg American line. (HAPAG) -
The Titanic Sinks
The titanic sank on the 14 April 1912 in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, they attempted to voyage between Southampton to New York with an estimate of 2,224 of passenger and crew on board. 1,500 people died when the sinking happened due to the lack of lifeboats on the ship. This ship was operated by white star line and carried some of the wealthiest people on the planet. -
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Glamor of cruising
These ears were to be considered the most glamorous for passengers who were seeking to cross the Atlantic. The ships catered to the rich and famous, who were able to enjoy the luxurious surroundings and breath taking views.
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Cruise line Merge
White star merge with their main rival Cunard line. The line would then remain as a single company until 2005 when it was merged into Carnival Corporation and PIC. [integration] -
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World war 2 🫡
Many cruise-ships were used to transport troops heading to war. Cruises and transatlantic sailing which comes to abrupt end. Many ocean liners were destroyed during the war. -
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Ten Pound Poms
Australia needed more population to support the growth of the company so they offered British passengers ten pound fair to start a new life in Australia.
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Growth of Air Travel
Large passenger aircraft were introduced, with travellers switching from ships to plane to make the journey shorter and more efficient. His caused a rapid decline in passenger numbers. -
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Increase The Appeal
The emphasis began to be placed on the entertainment aspect of travelling on board a cruise ship through t the 1960. The lines attempt to appeal to passengers who never had the opportunity nor the money to sail on board a transplanted vessels between the 1920 and 1940. The large public lounges, formal balls room, swimming pools and on board ceremonies.
[social and economic changes]
[technological advances]
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Growth of Cruise lines
During this time line many more modern cruise lines were founded such as the princess cruises in 1965, Norwegian cruise line in 1966, MSC in 1970 and Carnvial in 1972 with two following shortly after with celebrity cruise in 1989 and silver sea in 1994. [customer type and demand] -
Love boat launched on TV
Love boat was launched in 1977 as a romantic comedy drama set on m5 pacific princess. This was a big increase on the popularity of cruises when this show launched and encouraged more people to go on one. This makes the cruise ships more popular again. [customer type and demand] -
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More New cruise line emerge
There were new lines such as celebrity cruises in 1989, Disney cruise line in 1995, Regent seven seas cruises 1990, Silver sea 1994 and many more were founded. [customer type and demad] -
Thomson (TUI) restarts their cruise line
Thomson restarted their cruise line called sun cruises. It was rebranded to Thomson cruise shortly after before being rebranded again in 2017 as Marbella Cruises. [Tour operators integration] -
Growth of large corporations
Cunard is purchased by Carnival Corporation in 1998, increasing the number of cruise liness they won. During the Royal Caribbean group also continue to expand and introduce new cruise lines. [integration] -
Internet at sea
The first cruise ship to have internet at sea is launched in 1999 is Norwegian sky which becomes the first cruise ship to offer an internet cafe with paid as you go internet access. [technological advancement] -
Carnival corporation Aquire P&O cruises
PO cruises is aquifer by carnival corporation in 2003. [intergration] -
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Launch of the three queens
Cunard launched three ships which are know to this day as the “Three Queens” Queen Mary 2 (2004), Victoria (2007) and Queen Elizabeth (2010). [technological advances] -
Oasis of the seas launches
Oasis of the sea launched as the worlds largest cruise in the world with a neighbourhood concept which included themed area and even and Central Park, they also have a outdoor aqua theatre, boardwalk light shows and a new capacity record which is a total of over 6000 passenger. [technological advances] -
Costa Concordia Sinks
The Costa Concordia sinks after hitting an underwater rock near the island of Isola del Giglio. The ship hit a rock creating a 174 foot gash in the hulk making the ship flooded cutting the power and engines. The ship listed to one side and grounded near the shore with the ship rolled onto the starboard side and came to rest. The evacuation took 6 hours with 27 passengers and 5 crew member died. -
Virgin ground announce virgin voyages
Virgin voyages is announced and plan to offer adult only cruises. 🚢
There first cruise ship are scarlet lady, launched in 2021. [customer type and demand]
[tour operators integration] -
P&O launches Britannia
PO launches the Britannia which becomes the largest vessel created for the British market. This includes Britain’s first cookery school at sea and cutting edge entertainment. [Technological development]
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Covid-19 pandemic
The global cruise industry collapse as government around the work introduce travel restrictions due to the virus. In 2020 the Diamond princess was quarantined off Japan for a few weeks for passengers and crew was evacuated. 712 were infected with covid 19.
Nearly 30 crew ships were scrapped during the pandemic with some cruise lines going into administration. [social and economic changes] -
Icon of the Seas set sail
Royal Caribbean launch is icon of the sea, which becomes the world’s largest cruise ship capable of carrying a maximum of 7,600 passengers snd 2350 crew. It includes the largest swim up bar at sea, ice skating and the first suspended infinity pool. [technological advances]