Democracy

  • 1910

    Beginning of Epic Revolution, triggered by unrest amongst peasants and urban workers, who are led by Emiliano Zapata.
  • 1911

    Mexico's dictator, Porfirio Diaz, is overthrown. The new president is Francisco I. Madero, a liberal. Madero introduces land reform and labour legislation. Political unrest continues with Zapata leading a peasant revolt in the south.
  • 1913

    Madero is assassinated. Victoriano Huerta seizes power.
  • 1914

    Huerta is viewed with suspicion by the United States for his alleged pro-German sympathies. Huerta is succeeded by Venustiano Carranza.
  • 1916

    US forces cross the border in pursuit of the guerrilla leader Pancho Villa.
  • 1917

    A new constitution is adopted, which is designed to ensure permanent democracy in Mexico.
  • 1920

    Venustiano Carranza is murdered. Civil war follows.
  • 1929 (THE PRI)

    The National Revolutionary Party is formed. In 1946 it is re-named the Institutional Revolutionary Party, or PRI.
  • 1934

    President Lazaro Cardenas begins programme of oil nationalisation, land reform and industrial expansion.
  • 1942

    Mexico declares war on Japan and Germany.
  • 1968

    Student demonstration in Tlatelolco, Mexico City, during the Olympic Games is fired upon by Mexican security forces. Hundreds of protestors are killed or wounded.
  • 1976

    Huge offshore oil reserves discovered; the Cantarell field becomes the mainstay of Mexico's oil production.
  • 1985

    Earthquake in Mexico City kills thousands and makes many more homeless.
  • 1993

    Mexican parliament ratifies the North American Free Trade Agreement (Nafta) with the US and Canada.
  • 1994

    A guerrilla rebellion in Chiapas by the Zapatista National Liberation Army is brutally suppressed by government troops. The rebels oppose Nafta and want greater recognition for Indian rights.
  • 1995

    Former President Carlos Salinas goes into exile after his brother Raul Salinas is connected with Colosio's murder.
  • 1996

    The insurgency in the south escalates as the leftist Popular Revolutionary Army (EPR) attacks government troops.