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1500
Forms of expression or cultural manifestations : Spirituality
The aboriginal people believed in many things for example in Shamanism - Priest/medicine man. As well as dream catchers. The use of the dream catcher is to catch all the good and bad dreams. Once you have a bad dream it gets caught in the little black bead and the good ones come back out. When you wake up in the morning, you go to the dream catcher and pull on a feather in order to not receive another bad dream.
Lastly Myths and legends. -
1500
Forms of expression or cultural manifestations linked to: Social Relationship
The aboriginals had to respect their elders. As well as keeping and doing specific traditions. Being able to have the freedom of actions. Which meant there were no written laws and no such thing as private property. The concepts were based on culture, identity, education and society. -
1500
Forms of expression or cultural manifestations linked to: Nature
The aboriginal people believed in animism. They respected all nature because they believed that all living things had a soul and that everything was equal. They also strongly believed in the circle of life. The concepts were culture, identity and religion -
1500
Forms of expression or cultural manifestations linked to: Communication and Exchange
Back then the aboriginal people passed on their traditions orally. They pass on the tradition from generation to generation. They did songs and dances. Lastly through all different types of ceremonies. -
French Regime: Devine Right of Kings
The king had absolute power. It was King Louis the 14th. King Louis 14th was gaining control in Europe but his colony of New France was still suffering, it wasn’t developing its economy or population, and it was dealing with constant Iroquois attacks. A well trained regiment of soldiers were dispatch. For the political situation. The companies who help a monopoly were now under the Minister of Marine: Jean-Baptiste Colbert. He and Louis decided to implement Royal Government in 1663. -
French Regime: Catholicism
The clergy was everywhere. The priests were in charge of curing people. They worked as missionaries. The nuns worked in hospitals as nurses and they also worked in schools. Future priests were trained in a seminary. They payed a tax at church which was called tithe. Most of the people were very religious.The church spread its ideas by controlling eduction in the colony. Art also expressed religion. -
French Regime: The independent spirit and adaptability of the Canadiens
Settlers had very good lives but they had lots of work to complete. New France was not really developing so settlers became self-dependent.Life was different from France, where you had the very rich and massive numbers of poor/starving people. -In New France the people were very autonomous and by 1760 grew to become a distinct set of people called Canadien (13 colonies are becoming Americans). -
British Regime: Liberalism
Liberalism, political doctrine that takes protecting and enhancing the freedom of the individual to be the central problem of politics. Liberals believe that government is necessary to protect individuals from being harmed by others, but they also recognize that government itself can do bad things to liberty. Diffusion of liberal ideas by means of newspapers, development of parliamentarism. Reflection of liberal ideas in architecture. -
British Regime: Ultramontanism
:the policy of the party in the Roman Catholic Church that favors increasing and enhancing the power and authority of the pope.
Advocating of absolute obedience to the Catholic religion.
Church seeks to increase and extend its influence in all spheres of life. For example: social, political, cultural, etc -
British Regime: Anticlericalism
Opposed to the influence and activities of the clergy or the church in secular or public affairs. It is the opposite of ultramontanism. They wanted separation of the church and state. As well as a more democratic regime. -
British Regime: Imperialism
The policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies. It was influenced by architectures and by parliamentary political organization. -
The government
Theres the Constitution Monarchy and the Parliamentary Democracy. Three levels of Government are Federal, Provincial, Municipal, each level has three types of functions. Executives make decisions about administration, power held by cabinet (federal). Legislatives make or amends laws, and imposes taxes. Power held by the House of Commons (federal). Judicials Ensures laws are applied, Judges are appointed by the cabinet for life. (federal) -
Contemporary period: Imperialism
The policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies. The spread of British ideas in newspapers and stories. They discovered the newspaper Le Devoir which was created to protest against imperialism. -
Contemporary: Capitalism
System in which investment in and ownership of the means of production, distribution, andexchange of wealth is made and maintained chiefly by private individuals or corporations, especially as contrasted to cooperatively or state-owned means of wealth. They built buildings. Diffusion of capitalist ideas for example having private property. Lastly appearance of literary works that depict economic disparities -
Contemporary period: Socialism
Socialism is a political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole. Questioning the spread of capitalism through labour movements, student movements and in independent magazines. -
Contemporary Period: Agriculturism
Push to support farmers/farming. They wanted to encourage people to stay in the country and farm. Creation of community groups such as Le Cercle des fermières and spread of their ideas in a magazine. -
Contemporary Period: Nationalism
Nationalism is supporting your own nation. -French Canadiens Nationalism: Did not want to support Britian, wanted to protect French interests. Such as their language, religion, education. -English Canadian Nationalism: Liked the English way, (language, politics) wanted to support Britain but wanted Canada to operate independently. Lastly Neo-nationalism (new wave of nationalism) starting in the 1960s and spread by the artists -
Contemporary Period: Americanism
Following American trends such as dance (charleston), music (jazz) and spread of American culture through films, radio and télévision. The church spread American influences through songs a the church. Influence of American culture was mainly through the media. -
Contemporary Period: Laicism
Laicism is the nonclerical, or secular, control of political and social institutions in a society. -After 1837 the bishops became more and more powerful, the cures became the most important person in the parish. The church was still in charge of ceremonies, controlling education, orphanages, shelters, charities. The Protestants were divided. Denunciation by artists and intellectuals. There was a new life style by the artists called Joual. -
Contemporary Period:Fascism
The idea that a dictator is in control of the whole country. They did this normally through propaganda. This was started in Italy and Spain. Then it was brought to Germany where Hitler took control over everyone. -
Contemporary Period: Cooperatism
Birth of different groups who favoured equality and collaboration (American Unions like the Knights of Labor, the Caisses populaires, Catholic Union of Cultivators). -
Contemporary Period: Feminism
Women had very hard lives. They needed to marry young and had many children. They had to do what their husbands told them to. They worked long hours. Both at work and in factories. They had very little rights. One escape was to become a nun. World war 1 was an opening for women, The men were sent to help with the war so the women took over their jobs for them. Women obtain the right to vote in Federal election (first only family to forces members 1917) then all in 1918. -
Contemporary Period: Neoliberalism
Neoliberalism is a new way of liberalism without the government. Wanting the removal of the state in various spheres of society.A lot pop people were against to socialist groups wanting to maintain intervention of the state. -
Contemporary Period:Aboriginalism
Aboriginalism claims for ancestral rights and to remember the aboriginal people through tradition culture. Have recognition of their writings, language, music, education, believes... -
Contemporary Period: Native Issue
The Oka crisis. In 1990 Mohawk warriors made road blocks on the borders to their reserves in Oka just outside of Montreal when a golf course wanted to expand 9 holes onto the native property. The natives sent their Canadian Forces to handle the situation. The Oka crisis lasted 78 days, when the stand-off finally came to an end with out armed conflict, however the issues remained. Charlottetown Accord was created to handle these issues.
