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steam ships introduced
steam engines boats were developed in 1840 during the Industrial Revolution. they were mainly developed to carry cargo and mail from the USA to Europe however they eventually started carrying passengers who boarded to migrate they'd take around 10-14 days to reach the destination. the great western was the largest transatlantic steam boats. -
1840 Cunard world first cruise line
Cunard were the first company to have a scheduled regular service from the UK to the USA, this was before this first railways were invented. -
SS great Britain introduced
the SS was built and sailed from Bristol England this is where its still sits today. this ship is famous for being the first ship with a propeller and made completely of iron this meant it was a lot faster then previous ships it could get across the Atlantic within a week. -
the first advertised cruise
P and O was actually the first company to promote a cruise from Southampton to Gibraltar to Malla and Athens -
signal light system introduced on ships
signal light system was introduced as electricity was introduced. they were added to make ships visible at night. they had a white light on the mast, green light on the starboard and a red light on the port side. -
electricity introduced to ships
the first steal ship was made in 1881 and it had electricity on it. it also rooms with un suites this is were you can see the luxury being introduced. -
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luxury ships introduced
ships became more luxurious to cater to the super wealthy they then became this symbol of wealth. this was time before air travel as it wasn't very popular. -
first wireless communication at sea
this was very important as ships could now communicate with other ships and land. this was considered a big development in safety as you now could signal for help/ distress signals. it also meant they could warn about things like icebergs. -
the titanic sank
this was built and thought as the unsinkable ship at the time. it was the biggest ship ever built at the time. its still considered one of the worlds worst ship accidents still to date. after titanic safety was improved they had to have enough lifeboats for the amount of people on board. around 15 hundred people died on the ship. -
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development and growth of summer packages
cruise lines had to adapt to compete with cheap holidays to places to Spain, Greece and Portugal. modern ships started introducing carrying more and more passengers and therefore bringing the costs of cruising down to make it more affordable meaning it appealed to the mass market more. this attracted new customers to book cruise holidays. this is when the industry grew and started to see a rise in cruise companies. -
QE2 is launched
this was the first big Atlantic liner ship with private facilities in every cabin like bathrooms. this was considered the thing to do if you could afford it at the time as it was very expensive. -
ship Aurora
the ship carries a max 1,950 passengers on bored. the length of the ship is 886 ft, has 279 inside cabins and 655 outside cabins. its owned by PandO and its a passenger ship. the ship is based in SouthHampton and its travels round the Mediterranean, Norways and Iceland. the facilities it has three pools, four spas, casino, a theatre, an art gallery and more. this hip would appeal to business people and old people but really anyone. -
ocean village introduced
they completely changed the market. ocean village cruise line operated by P&O cruises marketed it to people who don't like cruises, they were party ship with relaxation and no formality. they also were inexpensive and operated from Southampton. they lasted for about 8 - 9 years however they started the trend of these types of cruises. -
cruise company integration.
in 2003 P&O menerged with Carnival cruises to form carnival corporation this is horizontal integration they now run P&O, AIDA, Seabourn, Costa, Cunard and more. this means they've become more powerful as they can attract more customers. they merged as Carnival was based in America and P&O are in Europe this meant they covered both markets. -
oasis class ships launched
these ships were launched by royal Caribbean and they can hold around 6000 passengers. these ships have been able to make cruises more for the mass market meaning they became more affordable -
multi-generational trips became popular
cruises really something for everyone so they started to be marked towards multi-generational families so grandparents, parents and kids as they all can easily pursue different activities on board. NCL cruises said between 15 and 20 percent of their guests are part of multi-generational groups. carnival cruises said more than half of our bookings involve more than one state room. -
Virgin Voyages integration
Virgin cruises were launched in 2014 but rebranded to virgin voyages in 2016. they are part of the Virgin group with this there is Virgin Atlantic airways (air), virgin Atlantic holidays (tour operator) and virgin Atlantic holidays (retail), this means they are vertically integrated. there cruise ships are mind at the adult market making them different to the average cruise. -
wonder of the seas
wonder of the seas carries a max of 6,988 passengers and 2,300 crew members with 2,887 cabins.it has 18 decks. the ship has eleven bars on board, 21 restaurants and five entertainment facilities.it is based in Florida and travels around the Caribbean islands. the ship is an Oasis-class cruise ship and is operated by the Royal Caribbean international.this ship will appeal to luxury customers and families as it has amenities like pools, bars, restaurants and entertainment shows and water slides -
increase in demand post-covid
in 2022 when the industry opened again there was a boom in the number of people wanting to go on a cruise, so the demand for cruises became high. many companies recorded sellouts and had to start releasing future schedules earl to deal with the demand. an example of this is when P&O cruises sold out its 40 day Caribbean cruise in six hours. -
cost of living crisis
although cruises still remain very popular they still have to offer more affordable packages to attract customers during it for example spread out payment and cruises from Southampton, they are actually succeeding in this as cruise demand is still going up.