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Poling v. Murphy
School-sponsored student speech is subject to substantial control by local school authorities. -
Debs v. United States
United States Supreme Court, decided relevant for U.S. labor law and constitutional law, upheld the Espionage Acts -
Gitlow v. New York
The first amendment protection of free speech, which states that the federal Congress shall make no law said the state governments. -
Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire
The U.S. Supreme Court declared the fighting words doctrine. This doctrine says that fighting words aren't protected by the first amendment because they don't express a strong opinion for an idea or has something to do with a social experiment. -
Tinker v. Des Moines
Mary-Beth Tinker was 13 years old in junior high when she and some of her peers decided to wear black armbands to school to protest the war in Vietnam. The school board received a heads up and decided to come up with a ban. The next day Mary Beth was asked to remove the wristband and once she refused she was suspended. -
Brandenburg v. Ohio
Established the imminent lawless action test used to determine when speech protected under the first amendment can be lawfully restricted. In Brandenburg, the Court thought that hate speech is protected under the first amendment as long as it does not provoke violence. -
Cohen v. California
A case in which Paul Robert Cohen was wearing a jacket that said: "F*** the Draft" in the public of a California Courthouse, and he has prevented a conviction for wearing this particular jacket with such hateful words. -
Bethel School Distract v. Fraser
The Supreme Court ruled that the school did not violate a student's choice of free speech due to his rights, but he did have to face consequences for his inappropriate outburst during the school assembly. -
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier
The First amendment granted the right that student journalist was not violated when school officials prevented the publication of certain articles that were in the school newspaper. -
Morse v. Frederick
The Alaskan schools' officials had not violated a student first amendment freedom of speech rights after suspending him for displaying, during a school event, a banner promoting illegal drug use.
