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Period: 500 BCE to 500
5th century b.C until 5th century a.C
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Period: 500 BCE to 500
Schooling
The school in Antigua Roma is divided into three stages: "Ludus" or elemental school (7 to 12 years), "Gramatica" (12 to 16 years) prose, theater and poetry and "Retorica" (from 16 years) technical oratory studies.
Antigua Roma -
Period: 500 BCE to 301
Infantice Mode (Antiquity - 4th Century AD)
he image of Medea hovers over childhood in antiquity, for myth here only reflects reality. Some facts are more important than others, and when parents routinely resolved their anxieties about taking care of children by killing them, it affected the surviving children profoundly. For those who were allowed to grow up, the projective reaction was paramount, and the concreteness of reversal was evident in the widespread sodomizing of the child. -
Period: 384 BCE to 322 BCE
Aristoteles
Aristoteles, in many of his writings expresses his interest in educational problems, in order to contribute to the formation of free men. -
300 BCE
Concept of Liberal Education
The concept of liberal education and integral development of the person was born. -
1 BCE
4th century - Infanticide
In the year 301 AD begins to consider infanticide as murder. However during the middle ages and throughout the fourth century is still practiced. Children were considered without dignity. Parents murder their children because of the trauma that mothers suffered after childbirth and with children who survived, sodomy was practiced. -
301
Abandoning Mode
Once parents began to accept the child as having a soul, the only way they could escape the dangers of their own projections was by abandonment, whether to the wet nurse, to the monastery or nunnery, to foster families, to the homes of other nobles as servants or hostages, or by severe emotional abandonment at home.
Abandoning Mode -
Period: 301 to Dec 1, 1300
Abandoning Mode (4th Century - 13th Century)
The children were abandoned by their father. Among the most common forms of abandonment were sending their children as servants, sending them to another family to be educated, sold, turned into police hostages and exchanged for pledges or paying debts. -
314
Christianity and the Middle Ages
From the year 354 children are considered as defenseless and dependent ("children are a hindrance", "children are a yoke"). During the fifteenth century in the conception of childhood it is observed how "children are bad by birth".
Defenseless -
Period: 501 to Dec 31, 1500
Middle Ages (5th century until 15th century)
The church is the most important institution in charge of education. -
Jan 1, 1011
The Church speaks.
In the twelfth century the church decrees that it can not be sold to a child after 7 years. We can observe that in this century children were still considered as an object. -
Jan 1, 1301
Control of ambivalence
Ambivalent behavior may be linked to a mental disorder such as schizophrenia, psychosis or obsessive neurosis, although it is also associated with certain states accepted as normal, such as jealousy. -
Period: Jan 1, 1301 to
Ambivalence (14th Century - 17th Century)
Ambivalence is a state of having simultaneously, conflicting feelings towards a person or object. Written in another way, ambivalence is the experience of having thoughts and emotions of both positive and negative valences towards someone or something. It is defined as an original sin, according to which children are born rebellious.
Ambivalence -
Period: Feb 1, 1301 to Dec 31, 1500
Renaissance
Between the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries renaissance is considered. In the course of these centuries are considered changes for the benefit of children and childhood. -
Dec 31, 1400
Girls Serving
Until the fourteenth century, 6-year-old girls were given as servants -
Jan 1, 1501
The boy seen as an angel
The child is recognized as an "angel". The child possesses innate goodness. The conception of childhood is of a human being but unfinished. The child seen as a "small adult". Luis Vives (1492 - 1540) tambien expresa su interes por la evolucion del niño, por las diferencias individuales, por a educacion y por la necesidad de adaptacio.
Luis Vives -
Jan 1, 1530
Erasmo (De pueris)
Many classic ideas of children's education arise. Erasmo shows a certain interest in the childlike nature. -
Intrusion
In school, it is taught to the rhythm of the Roble de Roble. This routine was used to punish disobedient and rebellious children. -
Period: to
Intrusive Mode (18th Century))
A tremendous reduction in projection and the virtual disappearance of reversal was the accomplishment of the great transition for parent-child relations which appeared in the eighteenth century. The child was no longer so full of dangerous projections, and rather than just examine its insides with an enema, the parents approached even closer and attempted to conquer its mind, in order to control its insides, its anger, its needs, its masturbation, its very will. -
Socialization
In this century the fears of being punished by divine force fall by their own weight. It is understood that the closeness of the mother is essential for the life of a child. Darwing made contributions to the development of psychology. In Piaget's theory, it was considered that the effort to understand that children go through specific stages as their intellect and ability to perceive relationships mature.
Piaget -
Period: to
Socialization Mode (19th to Mid-twentieth Centuries)
As projections continued to diminish, the raising of a child became less a process of conquering its will than of training it, guiding it into proper paths, teaching it to conform, socializing it. The socializing mode is still thought of by most people as the only model within which discussion of child care can proceed.
Socialization Mode -
Law 1098
In Law 1098 of Childhood, the concept of the child is taken from the earliest years, regardless of age, gender, race, ethnicity or social stratum. -
Help the infant
It is understood the importance of the development of the childhood for a good future maturity. In this part of history is meant the importance of education in the development of the child. Now it is important the participation of both parents, they create methods of conflict resolution, help in their needs for a correct evolution of the infant. -
Period: to
Helping Mode (Begins Mid-twentieth Century)
he helping mode involves the proposition that the child knows better than the parent what it needs at each stage of its life, and fully involves both parents in the child’s life as they work to empathize with and fulfill its expanding and particular needs. There is no attempt at all to discipline or form “habits.” Children are neither struck nor scolded, and are apologized to if yelled at under stress. -
International Convention on Human Rights
The International Convention on Human Rights, adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations, defines the child as a subject of law, recognizing in childhood the status of person and citizen. -
Conferencia Mundial about EPT, Jomtien, 1990
In 1990, delegates from 155 countries agreed at the World Conference on Education for All in Jomtien, Thailand (5-9 March 1990), to make education Access to all children and massively reduce illiteracy by the end of the decade. Delegates adopted the World Declaration on Education for All, which reaffirms that education is a fundamental human rights.
ETP -
Political Constitution
Political Constitution of 1991 states that the rights of the child must prevail over other people. This article seeks to recognize the fundamental rights of children, the obligation of the state, society and the family. -
Looking for lost childhood
The influence of the media, especially television, on children and adolescents is worrying, because they take as a prototype or example of what they want to be those boys and girls who appear consuming alcohol, cigarettes or drugs, or that Driven by the obsession of extreme thinness end up suffering from eating disorders such as bulimia or anorexia. In this way, through the television the world of adults has burst with all its crudity in the children, making childhood innocence disappearing.
