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The first language
Learning programs were developed using mainframe computers and focusing on basic language drills. These systems were used primarily in research settings and were not widely accessible. -
Early beginnings
Mainframe computers used for simple drill-and-practice exercises.
PLATO system introduced at the University of Illinois. The earliest systems were based on mainframes and were quite rudimentary. -
Introduction of microcomputers
The introduction to microcomputers led to the creation of interactive language learning software, such as language learning games and interactive exercises. The focus was primarily on grammar and vocabulary, using early computer languages like BASIC. -
CALL materials
The development of authoring tools enabled teachers to create their own CALL materials, and the first commercial language learning software was released. Educational software began to appear on platforms like Apple II and IBM PCs. -
The internet and multimedia
The internet and multimedia technologies revolutionized Call, enabling online learning, audio, and video integration, and communication with native speakers. CALL programs evolved to incorporate web-based activities, real-time communication, and collaborative tools. -
Online plataforms
Online language learning plataforms, language learning apps and virtual learning enviroments became popular, increasing accesibility and flexibility. The introduction of Web 2.0 technologies, including wikis, blogs, and social media, provided new platforms for interactive and collaborative language learning. -
Adaptive learning
The rise of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and natural language processing led to the developmentof intelligent language tutoring systems, speech recognition and personalized learning. The rise of gamification also introduced game-based elements into language learning. -
Artificial intelligence
CALL continues to evolve with advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning. AI-driven language learning platforms use natural language processing to offer personalized feedback, conversation practice, and immersive experiences. The integration of AI chatbots, voice recognition, and speech synthesis technologies has made language practice more interactive and engaging.