Compositores

Musorgski

1839 BCE

He was a Russian composer, one of the group known as "The Five". He was an innovator of Russian music in the Romantic period. He strove to achieve a uniquely Russian musical identity, often in deliberate defiance of the established conventions of Western music.

Antigüedad y Edad Media

Period: 476 to 1492

Canto Gregoriano

700

The term Gregorian chant was a type of plainchant, simple, monodic and with music subject to the text used in the liturgy of the Catholic Church, although it is sometimes used in a broad sense or even as a synonym for plainchant.

Guido d´Arezzo

992

He perfected musical writing with the incorporation of the tetragram, which was a musical pattern of four horizontal lines, a precursor to the staff, with which the pitches of sound were set more precisely, a system similar to the current one, as well as pneumatic notation.

Hildegard von Bingen

1098

Hildegard of Bingen was a holy Benedictine abbess and German polymath, active as a composer, writer, philosopher, scientist, naturalist, physician, mystic, monastic leader and prophetess during the Middle Ages.

Bernart de Ventadorn

1135

Bernart de Ventadorn, also known as Bernart de Ventadour and Bernard de Ventadorn, was a popular Provençal troubadour, composer and poet. He is probably the best known trobador of the style called trobar leu.

Leonin

1150

Considered the most important composer of the School of Notre Dame of Paris, in which the polyphonic style began to take shape. He revised the Grand livre d'organum (Latin Magnus liber organi or Magnus liber, attributed to Leonín) between 1180 and 1190.

Perotin

1155

Perotín, called in French Pérotin le Grand or in Latin Magister Perotinus Magnus, was a medieval French composer, who was born in Paris between 1155 and 1160 and died around 1230. Considered the most important composer of the School of Notre Dame of Paris, in which The polyphonic style began to take shape.

Alfonso X el Sabio

1221

Alfonso X de Castilla, llamado el Sabio, fue el rey de la Corona de Castilla y de los demás reinos intitulados entre 1252 y 1284. A la muerte de su padre, Fernando III el Santo, reanudó la ofensiva contra los musulmanes y ocupó Jerez, Salé, el puerto de Rabat y conquistó Cádiz.

Guillaume de Machaut

1300

Guillaume de Machaut fue un clérigo, poeta y compositor medieval francés. Su proyección fue enorme y es históricamente el máximo representante del movimiento conocido como Ars nova, siendo considerado el más célebre compositor del siglo XIV. Contribuyó al desarrollo del motete y de la canción secular

Francesco Landini.

1397

Francesco Landini o Landino fue un compositor, organista, cantante, poeta, constructor de instrumentos y astrólogo italiano. Fue uno de los compositores más famosos y admirados de la segunda mitad del siglo XIV y sin duda el compositor más famoso en Italia.​​

Johannes Gutenberg

1400

The Information Age (also known as the Computer Age, Digital Age, Silicon Age, New Media Age, or Media Age[1]) is a historical period that began in the mid-20th century.

RENCIMIENTO

Period: 1400 to 1600

Juan del Encina

1468

Juan de Fermoselle, better known as Juan del Encina - in the current spelling of his name - or Juan del Enzina - in the spelling of the time - was a poet, musician and playwright of the Spanish Renaissance during the time of the Catholic Monarchs.

Martín Lutero

1483

Martin Luther, born Martin Luder, was an Augustinian Catholic theologian, philosopher, and friar who began and promoted the Protestant Reformation in Germany and whose teachings inspired the theological and cultural doctrine called Lutheranism.

Cristóbal de Morales

1500

Cristóbal de Morales Spanish Catholic priest and chapelmaster, being the main representative of the Andalusian polyphonist school and one of the three greats, along with Tomás Luis de Victoria and Francisco Guerrero, of the Spanish polyphonic composition of the Renaissance.

Antonio de Cabezon

1510

Blind from childhood, he quickly rose to prominence as a performer and was eventually employed by the royal family. He was among the most important composers of his time and the first major Iberian keyboard composer.

Orlando di Lasso

1532

Orlando di Lasso, also known as Orlandus Lassus, Roland de Lassus, Roland Delattre or Orlande de Lassus was a Franco-Flemish composer of the late Renaissance. Along with Palestrina and Victoria, he is considered one of the most influential composers of the 16th century.

Andrea Gabrieli

1533

Andrea Gabrieli was an Italian composer and organist of the late Renaissance. Uncle of perhaps the most famous composer Giovanni Gabrieli, he was the first internationally renowned member of the Venetian School of composers. He had great influence in the spread of the Venetian style in both Italy and Germany.

Maddalena Casulana

1544

Maddalena Casulana was an Italian composer, violin player and singer of the late Renaissance. She was the first woman composer to have an entire exclusive volume of her music printed and published in the history of Western music.

Tomás Luis de Victoria

1548

Tomás Luis de Victoria was a Catholic priest, chapel teacher and famous polyphonist composer of the Spanish Renaissance. He has been considered one of the most relevant and advanced composers of his time, with an innovative style that heralded the imminent baroque.

Giovanni Gabrieli

1557

Giovanni Gabrieli was an Italian composer and organist, born and died in Venice. One of the most influential musicians of his time, he represents the culmination of the Venetian school, framing the transition from Renaissance music to Baroque music.

Carlo Gesualdo

1566

Martin Luther, born Martin Luder, was an Augustinian Catholic theologian, philosopher and friar who began and promoted the Protestant Reformation in Germany and whose teachings inspired the theological and cultural doctrine called Lutheranism.

Claudio Monteverdi

1567

Claudio Monteverdi, whose full name was Claudio Giovanni Antonio Monteverdi, was an Italian composer, viola player, singer, choir director and priest.

Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrin

1594

Was a very important Italian composer of church music of his time. He lived in the period called the Renaissance. Most of his music was choral (written for choirs). It is very polyphonic. This means that the different voices (sopranos, altos, tenors or basses) are often singing different words and different parts of the tune at the same time. Many composers since have studied the way that Palestrina wrote, because this is an excellent way to learn to write contrapuntal music.

BARROCO

Period: 1600 to 1750

Giacomo Carissimi

1605

Giacomo Carissimi was one of the eminent Italian composers of the early Baroque and the main ionadaithe or Roman School. He was born i Marino, near Rome, i 1604 not 1605

Barbara Strozzi

1619

Barbara Strozzi, also called Barbara Valle, was an Italian Baroque singer and composer. During her lifetime, she published eight volumes of her own music and had more secular music in print than any other composer of the time.

Stradivarius

1644

Antonio Stradivari was the most prominent Italian luthier. The Latin form of his surname, Stradivarius, is used to refer to his instruments.

Henry Purcel

1659

Henry Purcell was an English Baroque composer. Considered one of the best English composers of all time, he incorporated French and Italian stylistic elements into his music, generating his own English style of baroque music.

Antonio Vivaldi

1678

was an Italian composer, virtuoso violinist and impresario of Baroque music.[4] Along with Johann Sebastian Bach and George Frideric Handel, Vivaldi ranks amongst the greatest Baroque composers and his influence during his lifetime was widespread across Europe, giving origin to many imitators and admirers. He pioneered many developments in orchestration, violin technique and programmatic music.[5] He consolidated the emerging concerto form into a widely accepted and followed idiom.

George Philipp Telemann

1682

Georg Philipp Telemann was a German Baroque composer, although his work also had characteristics of early classicism. He is considered the most prolific composer in the history of music. Self-taught in music, he studied law at the University of Leipzig.

Georg Friedrich Händel

1685

Georg Friedrich Handel; in English George Frideric Handel was a German composer, later naturalized English, considered one of the leading figures in the history of music, especially the baroque, and one of the most influential composers of Western and universal music.

Johann Sebastian Bach

1688

was a German composer and musician of the late Baroque period. He is known for his orchestral music such as the Brandenburg Concertos; instrumental compositions such as the Cello Suites; keyboard works such as the Goldberg Variations and The Well-Tempered Clavier; organ works such as the Schubler Chorales and the Toccata and Fugue in D minor; and vocal music such as the St Matthew Passion and the Mass in B minor. Since the 19th-century Bach revival.

Gluck

Feb 6, 1714

Christoph Willibald Gluck, desde 1756 caballero de Gluck fue un compositor alemán, proveniente de la región de Bohemia, República Checa. Es considerado uno de los compositores de ópera más importantes del Clasicismo de la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII.

J. Haydn

1732

Franz Joseph Haydn ​, conocido como Joseph Haydn, fue un compositor austriaco. Es uno de los máximos representantes del periodo Clásico, además de ser conocido como el «padre de la sinfonía» y el «padre del cuarteto de cuerda» gracias a sus importantes contribuciones a ambos géneros.

W.A Mozart

1756

Johannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart​, más conocido como Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, fue un compositor, pianista, director de orquesta y profesor del antiguo Arzobispado de Salzburgo, maestro del Clasicismo, considerado como uno de los músicos más influyentes y destacados de la historia.

Nannler Mozart

1759

Maria Anna Walburga Ignatia Mozart, también llamada Nannerl​ y Marianne, fue una famosa música del siglo XVIII. Era la hermana mayor de Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart e hija de Leopold y Anna Maria Mozart.

Maria Theresia von Paradis

1759

Maria Theresia von Paradis was the daughter of Joseph Anton von Paradis, Imperial Secretary of Commerce and Court Councilor to the Empress Maria Theresa, for whom she was named. The Empress, however, was not her godmother, as was often believed. Between the ages of 2 and 5 she lost her eyesight.

Beethoven

1770

Ludwig van Beethoven​ fue un compositor, director de orquesta, pianista y profesor de piano alemán. Su legado musical abarca, cronológicamente, desde el Clasicismo hasta los inicios del Romanticismo.

Rossini

1792

Rossini es conocido por: sus óperas bufas (cómicas) como L'italiana in Algeri, La Cenerentola (Cenicienta), o El Barbero de Sevilla. la eliminación que hizo de las improvisaciones que podían darse en sus obras por los cantantes.

Schubert

1797

Franz Schubert is best remembered for his songs—also called lieder—and his chamber music. He also created symphonies, masses, and piano works. His most notable works included Erlkönig, written in 1815 and based on a poem by Goethe; Ave Maria!, written in 1825; and the Symphony No. 9 in C Major, begun in 1825.

Beriloz

1803

was a French Romantic composer and conductor. His output includes orchestral works such as the Symphonie fantastique and Harold in Italy, choral pieces including the Requiem and L'Enfance du Christ, his three operas Benvenuto Cellini, Les Troyens and Béatrice et Bénédict, and works of hybrid genres such as the "dramatic symphony" Roméo et Juliette and the "dramatic legend" La Damnation de Faust.

Schumann

1810

Robert Schumann was a German composer, pianist, and influential music critic. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest composers of the Romantic era.

Chopin

1810

Frédéric François Chopin was a Polish composer and virtuoso pianist of the Romantic period, who wrote primarily for solo piano. He has maintained

Listz

1811

Franz Liszt (22 October 1811 – 31 July 1886) was a Hungarian composer, virtuoso pianist, conductor, and teacher of the Romantic period

Wagner

1813

Wilhelm Richard Wagner was a German composer, theatre director, polemicist, and conductor who is chiefly known for his operas

Verdi

1813

Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi was an Italian composer best known for his operas. He was born near Busseto to a provincial family of moderate

Clara Schumann

1819

German pianist, composer, and piano teacher. Regarded as one of the most distinguished pianists of the Romantic era, she exerted her influence over the course of a 61-year concert career, changing the format and repertoire of the piano recital by lessening the importance of purely virtuosic works. She also composed solo piano pieces,

Mendelensson

1819

His correspondence indicates that he could write with considerable wit in German and English – his letters were sometimes accompanied by humorous sketch

Smetana

1824

Smetana is the English-language name for the types of sour cream traditionally prevalent in Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It is a dairy product produced by souring heavy cream. It is similar to crème fraîche, but nowadays mainly sold with 9% to 42% milkfat content depending on the country.

Brahms

1833

Johannes Brahms was a German composer, pianist, and conductor of the mid-Romantic period. Born in Hamburg into a Lutheran family, he spent much of

Chaikovski

1840

Russian composer of the Romantic period. He was the first Russian composer whose music would make a lasting impression internationally. Tchaikovsky wrote some of the most popular concert and theatrical music in the current classical repertoire, including the ballets Swan Lake and The Nutcracker, the 1812 Overture, his First Piano Concerto, Violin Concerto, the Romeo and Juliet Overture-Fantasy, several symphonies, and the opera Eugene Onegin.

Rimski Korsakov

1844

He was a Russian composer. He was one of the most famous composers of his time and influenced a lot of other composers. Like so many Russian composers in the 19th century, he was an amateur composer. His main job was in the navy.

Puccini

1858

Giacomo Puccini (1858-1924) fue un destacado compositor italiano, reconocido por sus influyentes óperas que dejaron una huella indeleble en la música clásica. Nació en Lucca, Italia, en una familia de músicos, lo que le permitió desarrollar su talento desde temprana edad.

Hugo Wolf

1860

Hugo Filipp Jakob Wolf (13 de marzo de 1860, Windischgraz, Imperio austríaco - 22 de febrero de 1903, Viena, Imperio austrohúngaro) fue un compositor austriaco de origen esloveno, que vivió durante los años finales del siglo XIX en Viena.

Gustav Mahler

1860

Gustav Mahler was an Austro-Bohemian Romantic composer, and one of the leading conductors of his generation. As a composer he acted as a bridge

Debussy

1869

He was one of the most important composers of the early 20th century. Most of his compositions are for orchestra or for piano. He also wrote some songs

Ravel

1875

Joseph Maurice Ravel (7 March 1875 – 28 December 1937) was a French composer, pianist and conductor. He is often associated with Impressionism along

Schönberg

1875

Was an Austrian-American composer, music theorist, teacher, writer, and painter. He is widely considered one of the most influential composers of the 20th century. He was associated with the expressionist movement in German poetry and art

Manuel de Falla

1876

Manuel de Falla y Matheu (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈnwel de ˈfaʎa], 23 November 1876 – 14 November 1946) was an Andalusian Spanish composer and pianist. Along with Isaac Albéniz, Francisco Tárrega, and Enrique Granados, he was one of Spain's most important musicians of the first half of the 20th century.

Bartok

1881

Is an important 20th century composer and virtuoso pianist, known for his studies of folk music and his Concerto for Orchestra

Stravinsky

1882

Was a Russian composer and conductor with French citizenship (from 1934) and United States citizenship (from 1945). He is widely considered one of the most important and influential composers of the 20th century and a pivotal figure in modernist music.

Kodaly

1884

The Kodály method is the name associated with a system of music education developed in Hungary under the guidance of Hungarian composer, ethnomusicologist, and educator Zoltán Kodály

Joaquín Turina

1888

Turina was born in Seville. He studied in Seville as well as in Madrid. He lived in Paris from 1905 to 1914 where he took composition lessons from Vincent d'Indy at his Schola Cantorum de Paris and studied the piano under Moritz Moszkowski. Like his countryman and friend, Manuel de Falla, while there he got to know the impressionist composers Maurice Ravel and Claude Debussy, whom he was heavily inspired b

Messiaen

1908

Olivier Messiaen considered himself as much an ornithologist as a composer, organist and pianist. Inspired in large part by his study of birdsong and his strong catholic faith, his output counts among the most fascinating of the twentieth century.

Pierre Schaeffer

1910

Pierre Henri Marie Schaeffer (English pronunciation: /piːˈɛər ˈhɛnriː məˈriː ˈʃeɪfər/, French pronunciation: [ʃɛfɛʁ]; 14 August 1910 – 19 August 1995) was a French composer, writer, broadcaster, engineer, musicologist, acoustician and founder of Groupe de Recherche de Musique Concrète (GRMC).

John Cage

1912

John Milton Cage Jr. (September 5, 1912 – August 12, 1992) was an American composer and music theorist. A pioneer of indeterminacy in music

Pierre Henry

1927

Pierre Georges Albert François Henry was a French composer and pioneer of musique concrète. Henry at his home (January 2008). Contents.

Philipp Glass

1937

Philip Glass (born January 31, 1937) is an American composer and pianist. He is widely regarded as one of the most influential composers of the late 20th ...