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Son of Liberty
This was an extremest group that wanted to ban trade with Britain. They used dangerous threats, and in some cases violence to intimidate loyalist. This resulted in the terms "Whigs" and "Tories". Whigs were ones who resisted royal control and Tories were those that were loyal. This was significant because later that year during the Second Provincial Congress, Georgia banned trade with Britain. -
Battles of Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts
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Lincoln's Surrender to Britain
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Royal Council
General Sir Henry Clinton made a base at Tybee Island, Georgia and began a siege on Charleston, South Carolina. South Carolina failed to defeat the British Army and surrendered. The Royal Council declared peace had been restored to Georgia, however British posts remained in the back country and some Whigs refused to surrender. This was important, because it gave the illusion that the war was over when it actually was not. -
The British Evacuate Savannah
During a two week battle for Augusta, Southern troops had built a wooden tower that allowed a cannon to reach the inside of fort Cornwallis. This lead to Georgia having peace negotiators in Britain. Despite their victory the British evacuated Savannah and forces thousands of whites and blacks to British East Florida, and 5000 blacks to Jamaica. This was important because, this was a huge victory for Georgia. It was also the last battle before signing a peace treaty. -
Peace Treaty of 1783 is Signed
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Treaty of New York is Signed
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Creek Indians Ceded Land
The Creek Indian occupied land in Georgia before British Settlers arrived. They used the land to hunt and plant. Their main source of income as deer skin. Suddenly the white tail deer population decreased. This hurt the Indians and Georgia viewed them inferior, especially now that they are not providing deer skin. The Creek Indians gave Georgia a portion of their land. This event is important, because this was one of the first times the indians were pressured into giving up land. -
Eli Whitney Invents the Cotton Gin
Eli Whitney was hired as a tutor at Catherine Green's plantation. While working here he noticed the difficulties of harvesting cotton. He eventually wrote the plans for the cotton gin. This is a machine that separates the cotton fibers to improve efficiency and productivity. This was a big deal to southern farmers, but it also had an impact on slaves. This was an important event because it brought money to the south for a little while. It also strengthened the souther famers' desire for slaves. -
Slavery in the South is Strengthened
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Treat of Fort Jackson
Some Creek Indians were not willing to give up their territory, and become planters. Tension grew so high that U.S. troops got involved. This was the Battle at Horseshoe Bend in Alabama. Andrew Jackson led a crew and killed 800 Creek Indians in battle. This was referred to as the Red Stick War. It ended with the Treaty of Fort Jackson. This Treaty was important, because it stated Creek Indians must give up 22 million acres which included a huge lot in Georgia. -
Battle at Horseshoe Bend
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Treat of Washington
Georgia tried to pass a fraudulan treaty that they bribed a Creek INdian leader into signing. It wasnot passed, but the following year the Treat of Washington was signed. This stated that the Creek Indians would give up all of the land remaining in Georgia, This is important, because this was the beginning of all native americans loosing land and being forced out. -
Indian Removal Act
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Prospector Move to North Georgia for Gold
in 1835 President Andrew Jackson signed a bill. This bill opened up the three branch mints. One in North Carolina, Georgia and Louisiana. He did this because they were discovering gold in these states. In Georgia people came to mine in the land that was previously the Creek Indians. This is important, because it was the beginning of Georgia's gold rush. There are reports that show four thousand men mining in Yahoola Creek alone. -
Charlotte Mint opened
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Trail of Tears
Georgia saw the Indian territory as an economic commodity rather than homes and lively hoods to thousands of Native Americans. They held lotteries to distribute some land the Cherokee and Creek Indians. Georgia collected three fourths of Native American land. Eventually the military forced the Indians to walk to new Indian land. They were deprived of food and clothes during the freezing winter months. At least 4000 Indians died. This was a huge event that is crucial to Georgia history. -
Thomas Davenport Invents the Printing Press
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Georgia Threatens to Secede
It was getting around the election time, so talk about session was more popular. Southern states such as Georgia mentioned leaving the Union earlier, but 1850 the threats became serious. Slavery was a huge issue that pressed Southern states to secede from the union to ensure their ownership of slaves. This is important, because this was the real beginning of preparations for session by Georgia and other Southern states. -
Georgia Votes to Secede
Conflict over slavery increased after Abraham Lincoln was elected president. Southern states made their living through agriculture, so they were not wiling to give up slaves. By January 21st. the ordinance of session was publicly signed. In Montgomery, Alabama congress wrote a provisional constitution for confederate states. This is important because no state had ever left the Union, and this would be the cause of the Civil War. -
Abraham Lincoln is Elected
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Alabama Creates a Provisional Constitution for Confederate States
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Battle of Fort Sumter
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Union Blockade on Savannah
President Abraham Lincoln called for a naval blockade on Savannah, Georgia. The Union wanted to focus on Savannah because of the massive post system. They extended their naval blockade all up the coastline using Winfield Scott's "anaconda plan". This was important because it was the first act of war in Georgia. -
Battle of Gettysburg
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Battle of Chickamaunga
The Civil War has been going on for almost 3 years and battles are happening in different places. The first day of fighting the confederate army advanced but because of union delays they did not get as far as they wanted. The second say of fighting the Union army withstood many attacks and kept their connection to Chattanooga. The third day both armies had malfunctions in their plans. Battle was declared a Confederate win, because Union didn't advance into Georgia. -
Bermuda Hundred Campaign
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Sherman's March to the Sea
Union general William T Sherman lead about 60,000 soldiers for 285 miles from Atlanta to Savannah Georgia. He wanted to intimidate the Georgia population. Union soldiers stole from Georgians. Anyone who resisted or felt bag had their houses and barns burned. This was important because this was the ultimate fall of Atlanta. Atlanta played a massive role during the war with its railroads in factories That supplied Confederate soldiers with food weapons and supplies. -
Atlanta Campaign
The Atlanta Campaign was a series of battles. It was led by William T. Sherman. Some battles were eon by both Union and Confederate armies. Eventually, about 4 months later, confederate forces pulled out of Atlanta. The following day the Confederacy surrendered. Sherman orders union soldiers to defend Atlanta for a few months. Before they left he ordered union soldiers to burn factories, mills, and railways. This is important, because it was a huge loss to Confederacy. -
Jefferson Davis is Captured
The Civil War was thought to be over, but Jefferson Davis, president of the confederacy wanted to continue the war of West he met with trusted military personnel to plan their attack. After the assassination of President Lincoln many thought Jefferson was involved. The government advertised 100,000 award for someone who could bring Jefferson Davis and his ideas to the government. This was an important event that took leader ship away from the south. -
Abraham Lincoln is Assassinated
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Georgia Ratifies 13th Amendment
The union won the Civil War, so Northern ideology was in place. Slaves were “free “in the union states so since the South lost the war it was time for them to legally free slaves in the south as well. Georgia signing this was very important because this was an issue they fought for for almost 5 years. -
Battle of Appomattox Court house
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Southern States Create "Black Codes"
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Andrew Johnson is Impeached
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Conservative Convention Meets in Macon, GA
The south clearly never agreed with the northern policies even after the war. After Andrew Johnson was impeached Congress took control of reconstruction. They for southern states to ratify the 14th and 15th amendments. This was a very important decision. It was a big deal to the south to reject these policies so day met in a conservative convention in Macon Georgia to discuss how they would fight against radical policies and publicly decline black political participate. -
White v. Clements
Georgia resisted black political participation. They did not want them to boat or hold any political office. White versus Clements was a supreme court case that cause controversy in southern states. It stated black people had a constitutional right to hold office in Georgia. This was an important event because it played a role in the rise of dangerous white supremacist groups. -
Rise of KKK and Other White Supremacist Groups
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The Spanish-American War
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Georgia Opens Training Camps
The Spanish American war was between Spain and the US. It was caused by Cuba wanting their independence from Spain. America sympathized with Cuba, so the United States declared Cuba’s rights to independence. The US said Spain needed to remove their arm forces out of Cuba, but Spain refused and declared war. Georgia had many training camps for American soldiers during this war. They were not well sanitized and overcrowded. Many men died or became very ill during their stay here. -
Anti-Saloon League
The anti-Saicon league Was formed by evangelical protestant man. Their goal was to help broaden and unify support for prohibition. This organization gain support from blacks who believed alcohol to be a contributing factor in crime rates. This was an important organization that puts pressure on states to sign prohibition laws. So much so 125 counties in Georgia had became dry. -
States Voted to Become "Dry"
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World War I
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19th Amendment Signed in Georgia
When black men were given the right to vote it encouraged women to fight for theirs also. It was not an easy fight. Along with civic organizations that abled for women’s suffrage was organizations that opposed this movement. World war one slowed down this movement, but allowed women to step up and get jobs that they would help the US win the war. This was a big deal because after the war the 19th amendment was ratified in Georgia that gave women the right to vote -
Warm Springs, Georgia
Franklin D Roosevelt was diagnosed with polio and his legs were paralyzed. He started to visit the warm spring in Georgia to find relief. He did relieve help from the water, so visited often. These visits were very important, because while visiting Georgia he studied Georgia’s difficult agriculture conditions. He noticed their social and educational problems also. He concluded that these difficulties and issues were a result of federal programs, so he began to create the new deal. -
Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal
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Alabama Freedom Riders
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Albany Movement
The goal of this organization was civil rights and the desegregation. They worked to protest and avenge the establishmentOf segregation policies. They would gather by the hundreds to march in massive crowds. In many cases these African-American students were arrested and jailed. This organization was important for its work and for being the first organization to desegregate an entire community. -
Latino Immigration to Georgia
The first immigrants to come to Georgia were mostly single men who came here to work temporarily in that particular state. They worked in urban construction or migrant farming. Eventually Latinos were migrating with their families into Georgia. This was a big deal to the government and became an important issue that they had to tighten security with the immigration Reform and control act. -
Immigration Reform and Control Act