-
Roanoke
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/roanoke
Some 100 settlers arrived at Roanoke Island. Governor, John White sailed back to England for supplies. White returned in 1590 to find nothing of the colony except for the word CROATOAN carved into a nearby tree. -
Jamestown
Notes
A joint stock company established a colony along the west coast of Virginia. It was the first permanent settlement by the English in the colonies. Only 38 of the original 150 settlers survived the first winter. The colony focused on obtaining gold and neglected the roles of basic survival. -
House of Burgesses
https://www.britannica.com/topic/House-of-Burgesses
A representative body in colonial Virginia established by Governor George Yeardley at Jamestown. -
Mayflower/Plyouth/Mayflower Compact
Notes
About 100 passengers including 35 Pilgrims (Separatists) sailed aboard the Mayflower and settled in Plymouth on an abandoned Wampanoag community. The sailors of the Mayflower wrote the first self-government plan in the colonies called the Mayflower Compact. In the fall of 1621, the pilgrims and Squanto and his tribe celebrated their harvest which became the basis for our holiday of Thanksgiving. -
The Great (Puritan) Migration
-
Period: to
The Great (Puritan) Migration
https://historyofmassachusetts.org/the-great-puritan-migration/
English separatists sought after religious freedom. The first Puritans left for the colonies in 1620 aboard the Mayflower. Around 21,000 emigrants sailed and settled in the colonies during this period. The migration ended around 1642 with the beginning of the English Civil War. -
Salutary Neglect
https://www.britannica.com/topic/salutary-neglect
Great Britain gave the colonies the freedom to govern themselves as long as they remained loyal to England and paid taxes for great profits. This neglect weighed heavily on the forefronts of American Independence. The autonomy presented to the colonies gave way to the thought process that England wasn't needed anymore. -
New York
https://www.landofthebrave.info/new-york-colony.htm
Founded by the Duke of York. Grew mostly wheat and known as the "Breadbasket State." -
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Notes
About 1000 Puritans settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The Governor was John Winthrop who governed the colony based on Puritan beliefs. Massachusetts became a royal colony in 1691. -
Maryland
Notes
Lord Baltimore settled Maryland and made it a safe haven for Catholics that were being persecuted in other colonies. Baltimore died and his son offered 100 acres of land to any married couple that settled there. This turned Maryland mostly Protestant. The Toleration Act of 1649 granted religious freedom throughout Maryland. -
Rhode Island
Notes
Roger Williams and his supporters settled in Rhode Island-a New England Colony. Williams was a dissenter and was banished from his old colony and moved to create a new community where there is no religious persecution of Christians. -
Connecticut
https://www.thoughtco.com/connecticut-colony-103870 (and Notes)
Founding in 1636 started when Dutch established the first trading post along the Connecticut River. The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut was the first written constitution in the colonies. Connecticut's citizenship was based on land ownership, not religion. -
Maryland Toleration Act
Notes
The Toleration Act of 1649 was supported by all of the Catholics in Maryland. It granted religious freedom throughout all of the Maryland Colony. -
Carolina
Notes
King Charles granted 8 supporters land in the Carolinas. Easy access to the West Indies allowed extensive trade and settlers to grow cash crops. These labor-intensive crops required a huge labor force. Carolina became a royal colony and was split into North and South Carolina. -
Bacon's Rebellion
https://www.landofthebrave.info/bacons-rebellion.htm
First colonial rebellion. Bacon rebelled against the Virginia government as a result of the lack of response to the Native American attacks. -
Pennsylvania
Notes
Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn in 1682, under a charter from King Charles II. Penn established the colony as a holy experiment without a landowning aristocracy. Pennsylvania soon became a haven for Quakers. -
-
The Great Awakening/Enlightenment
https://www.history.com/topics/british-history/great-awakening
The Great Awakening gave light to the Revolution because it instituted the idea of personal salvation and individual rights. Religious persecution was deemed wrong and opinions began to form about the government in England. The Enlightenment was similar but more secular than the Great Awakening. The colonies started to redesign science and math and focused on human rights. -
French-Indian War
https://www.history.com/topics/native-american-history/french-and-indian-war
Also known as the 7 Years War, the French and Indian gave way to the expansion of the Western World of North America. The small battles happening more frequently forced the British to declare war in 1756. Peace was made in 1763 after the British took control of many forts in Canada and the British captured the Spanish-territory, Florida. -
Proclamation Act of 1763
https://www.britannica.com/event/Proclamation-of-1763
The Proclamation Act of 1763 restricted the colonists to settle beyond the Appalachian Mountains and anything west of the mountain range was a native reservation. The British Government made the Proclamation and they believed it would prevent further Indian Wars, but the colonists did not agree with it. This was a precursor to the Revolution. -
Albany Plan
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/albany-plan
A plan to make all of the New England colonies centralized around a central government. Even though it was adopted by 7 of the North American colony representatives, it never was practiced. It was the Colonies' first shot at a centralized government showing unity.
