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1401
The Rise of the Portuguese Maritime Empire
Portugal begins exploring the African coast, establishing trade routes and claiming territories. This marked the start of European maritime exploration and the search for new trade routes to Asia. -
1492
Christopher Columbus Discovers the Americas
Columbus's voyage, sponsored by Spain, led to the European awareness of the Americas. This event opened the floodgates for further exploration and colonization by European powers. -
1498
Vasco da Gama Reaches India
Da Gama’s successful voyage to India established a direct sea route for trade in spices, significantly impacting European economies and global trade dynamics. -
1519
Ferdinand Magellan's Circumnavigation of the Globe
Magellan’s expedition was the first to sail around the world, demonstrating the vastness of the Earth and opening new opportunities for exploration and trade. -
1533
Spanish Conquest of the Inca Empire
The fall of the Inca Empire to Spanish conquistadors highlighted the devastating effects of colonization and the wealth that could be extracted from newly encountered lands. -
Establishment of the British East India Company
The founding of this trading company marked the beginning of British commercial interests in Asia, leading to significant economic influence and the eventual colonization of parts of India. -
The Pilgrims Land at Plymouth Rock
This event symbolized the beginning of permanent European settlements in North America, setting the stage for cultural exchanges and conflicts with Indigenous peoples. -
The Industrial Revolution
This period accelerated globalization, as advances in technology improved transportation and communication, leading to increased trade and interaction among nations. -
The Scramble for Africa
European powers rapidly colonized Africa, driven by the desire for resources and markets. This event drastically altered African societies and accelerated global trade networks. -
End of World War II and the Beginning of Modern Globalization
The conclusion of the war marked the establishment of international institutions and a new global order, fostering economic interdependence and the spread of globalization in the latter half of the 20th century.