-
Babrak Karmal Installed as Ruler
Karmal was promoted to Chairman of the Revolutionary Council and Chairman of the Council of Ministers on December 27, 1979. He remained in office until '81, when he was succeeded by Sultan Ali Keshtmand. Throughout his term, Karmal worked to establish a support base for the PDPA by introducing several reforms. Among these were the Fundamental Principles of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan, introducing a general amnesty for those people imprisoned during Nur Mohammad Taraki's & Amin's rule. -
Mujahideen Alliance
The Islamic Unity of Afghanistan Mujahideen (also known as the Seven Party Mujahideen Alliance or Peshawar Seven) was an Afghan organization formed in May 1985 by the seven Afghan mujahideen parties fighting against the Soviet and Democratic Republic of Afghanistan forces in the Soviet-Afghan War. -
U.S. Support of Mujahideen
In March 1986, however, President Reagan, on Casey's recommendation, approved providing Stingers to the Mujahideen, pursuant to the original program finding signed by President Carter. -
USSR, US, Pakistan Peace Accords
The Soviet Union has signed an agreement pledging to withdraw its troops from Afghanistan.
The pact, drawn up in negotiations between the United States, the USSR, Pakistan and Afghanistan, was signed in a United Nations ceremony in the Swiss capital, Geneva. It ends nine years of occupation by the Soviet Union, who intervened in 1979 to prop up the struggling communist government. The subsequent confrontation has drawn in the United States and Afghanistan's neighbours. -
Civil War: Afghanistan
War in Afghanistan (1978–present) (sometimes known as "Second Afghan Civil War"): Saur Revolution (1978), Communist insurrection. Soviet war in Afghanistan (1979–1989), Soviet involvement. Civil war in Afghanistan (1989–92), collapse of the communist Najibullah government. -
Taliban seize Kabul
The Taliban is a predominantly Pashtun, Islamic fundamentalist group that ruled Afghanistan from 1996 until 2001, when a U.S.-led invasion toppled the regime for providing refuge to al-Qaeda and Osama bin Laden. The Taliban regrouped across the border in Pakistan, where its central leadership, headed by Mullah Mohammed Omar, leads an insurgency against the Western-backed government in Kabul. -
UN air embargo on Afghanistan
In October 1999 UN Security Council Resolution 1267 imposed a ban on air transport related to and a freeze of all assets of one group in Afghanistan, the Taliban. This was done in response to the Taliban being involved in human rights abuses, the killing of Iranian diplomats, opium trade and providing a safe haven for Osama bin Laden and his associates. -
US Invasion of Afghanistan
The September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States, directed by al-Qaeda, prompted retaliation by U.S. and allied forces, which swiftly ousted the Taliban regime for harboring the terrorist group’s leadership. The Taliban regrouped in Pakistan and returned as an insurgency, targeting Western troops and the nascent Afghan state. As the United States winds down what has become the longest war in its history, Afghans are left to wonder whether hard-won gains can be preserved. -
9/11
The September 11 attacks (also referred to as September 11, September 11th, or 9/11)[nb 1] were a series of four coordinated terrorist attacks by the Islamic terrorist group al-Qaeda on the United States in New York City, New York, and Arlington County, Virginia, on the morning of Tuesday, September 11, 2001.
