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Period: to
Cold War
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Yalta Conference
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1937-1945/yalta-confDuring World War II the allies formed a conference known as the Yalta conference.U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin made important decisions regarding the future progress of the war and the postwar world.it happened because necessary decisions needed to be made and it affected the lives and regional power of many European and other countries and how the effect will be after the war. -
North Vietnam
http://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/vietnam-war-historyFollowing the defeat of Nazi Germany, World War II Allies including the U.S., Britain, and Soviet Union, hold the Potsdam Conference in Germany to plan the post-war world.
In order to disarm the Japanese in Vietnam, the Allies divide the country in half. Chinese Nationalists will move in and disarm the Japanese north of the parallel while the British will move in and do the same in the south.Thus, with this strategy the Japanese would eventually retreat. -
Berlin Declaration
http://www.johndclare.net/Basics_ColdWar.htmOn 5 June 1945 the supreme commanders of the Western powers met for the first time with their colleague from the Soviet Union. In Berlin-Wendenschloss they signed the Berlin Declaration, proclaiming the unconditional surrender of Germany and the assumption of supreme authority by the four victorious powers.On 5 June 1945 the supreme commanders of the Western powers met for the first time with their colleague from the Soviet Union.As aresult the meeting was hosted by the Soviet forces in Berlin. -
Postdam Conference
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1937-1945/potsdam-confAfter the Yalta Conference of February 1945, Stalin, Churchill, and U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt had agreed to meet following the surrender of Germany to determine the postwar borders in Europe. Germany surrendered on May 8, 1945, and the Allied leaders agreed to meet over the summer at Potsdam to continue the discussions that had begun at Yalta. -
Iron Curtain speech
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/churchill-delivers-iron-curtain-speechTThe British Prime minister,Churchil delivers the famous iron curtain speech in 1946 and he condemns the Soviet Union’s policies in Europe and declares, “From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent.” Churchill’s speech is considered one of the opening volleys announcing the beginning of the Cold War. -
First Indochina War
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/208194/First-Indochina-WarThe First Indochina War, fought between December 1946 and August 1954, was a struggle between the Viet Minh and the French for control of the country. In the West this conflict is usually referred to as the First Indochina War; in Vietnam it is called the Anti-French War. This conflict followed the defeat of Japan in 1945 and the power struggle which followed their withdrawal from Vietnam.this war happened because enemy countries were growing aggressively and needed an end. -
The Marshall plan
http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/marshall-planThe Marshall Plan was an American initiative to aid Europe, in which the United States gave $13 billion (approximately $120 billion in current dollar value) in economic support to help rebuild European economies after the end of World War II.it happened because Europe needed USA's help and it had great impacts like farming and industrial growth. Hence, the Marshall plan made Europeans gain trust in the US. -
Containment Policy
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/kennanGeorge F. Kennan, a career Foreign Service Officer, formulated the policy of “containment,” the basic United States strategy for fighting the cold war (1947–1989) with the Soviet Union.It happened because the Soviets were aggressive and we needed to adopt a new policy which had great impacts for the country later on and to maintain the relations with the Soviet union. -
Berlin Blockade
http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/berlin-blockadeThe Berlin Blockade was an attempt in 1948 by the Soviet Union to limit the ability of France, Great Britain and the United States to travel to their sectors of Berlin, which lay within Russian-occupied East Germany. Eventually, the western powers instituted an airlift that lasted nearly a year and delivered much-needed supplies and relief to West Berlin. Coming just three years after the end of World War II, the blockade was the first major clash of the Cold War and foreshadowed future conflict -
Berlin Airlift
http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/berlin-airliftafter ww2 Germany was divided into four sectors (British,American,Frensh and Russain) the Soviet part itself was divided into 4 sectors which Stalin blocked all the transportation ways and railroads and the only way was to send food and help was by airplanes which the US helped send food and goods with. Later on this became known as the Berlin Airlift which caried more than 2.3 tons of cargo into west Berlin that lasted over a year. -
NATO
http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/formation-of-nato-and-warsaw-pactThe North Atlantic Treaty Organization was created in 1949 by the United States, Canada, and several Western European nations to provide collective security against the Soviet Union.it happened because it was necessary and had great impacts in defeating the Soviets. As a result of which any policy or plan that helped improve war strategy was helpful during that time. -
Soviet Union tests A-Bomb
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/soviets-explode-atomic-bombOn August 29, 1949, the Soviet Union tested its first atomic bomb. It came as a great shock to the United States because they were not expecting the Soviet Union to possess nuclear weapon knowledge so soon. Previously, the United States had used two atomic bombs on Japan to cause them to surrender during World War II. The impact that the possession of nuclear weapons by the Soviet Union had upon the United States was that it caused Americans to question their own safety and eventually of others. -
People’s Republic of China founded
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/mao-zedong-proclaims-peoples-republic-of-chinaOn October 1, 1949, Chinese Communist leader Mao Zedong declared the creation of the People’s Republic of China. The announcement ended the costly full-scale civil war between the Chinese Communist Party and the Nationalist Party which broke out immediately following World War II and had been preceded by on and off conflict between the two sides since the 1920’s.it had negative impacts since it led to start of a war and it happened because the Chinese leaders were power seeking to gain power. -
Second Red Scare
http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/red-scareCommunists were often referred to as “Reds” for their allegiance to the red Soviet flag.the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States intensified in the late 1940s and early 1950s,Thus over the perceived threat posed by Communists in the U.S.,it became known as the Red Scare.Americans had a fear and spread of communism back in that era and were frightened by that idea and this fear had negative impacts on the people and shook the nation for a while. -
Korean War-American Involvement
http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/korean-conflict/North armed forces from communist Korea smash into South Korea, setting off the Korean War. The United States, acting under the auspices of the United Nations, quickly sprang to the defense of South Korea and fought a bloody and frustrating war for the next three years.USA under the United Nations helped south korea simply because they were defenseless and this act had great impacts for the 2 countries for their future and a bitter past with an arguement of always one side being superior. -
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/julius-and-ethel-rosenberg-executedJulius and Ethel Rosenberg, a married couple convicted of conspiracy to commit espionage in 1951, are put to death in the electric chair. The execution marked the dramatic finale of the most controversial espionage case of the Cold War.
Julius was arrested in July 1950, and Ethel in August of that same year, on the charge of conspiracy to commit espionage. Specifically, they were accused of heading a spy ring that passed top-secret information concerning the atomic bomb to the Soviet Union. -
Eisenhower Presidency
http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/dwight-d-eisenhowerBringing to the Presidency his prestige as commanding general of the victorious forces in Europe during World War II, Dwight D. Eisenhower obtained a truce in Korea and worked incessantly during his two terms (1953-1961) to ease the tensions of the Cold War.it was necessary for a well experienced president and his impacts were great. He also helped and improved the country in many ways to become a better modernized nation. -
Nikita Khrushchev
http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/nikita-sergeyevich-khrushchev Following after the great Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, Khrushchev's selection was a crucial first step in his rise to power in the Soviet Union—an advance that culminated in Khrushchev being named secretary of the Communist Party in September 1953, and premier in 1958. The death of Joseph Stalin on March 5, 1953 created a tremendous vacuum in Soviet leadership. and followed a new era in the Soviet history. -
Iranian coup d’état
http://www.iranchamber.com/history/coup53/coup53p1.phpThe d'etat also knows as the 28 mordad coup in Iran was the overthrow of Iran's president Mosadegh by the CIA in the United States with Britain's assisstance.the CIA has publicly admitted to have taken role in this govenment overthrowing and the help they got from the Brits.Several Tehran newspapers publish the Shah's decrees. As a result, supporters of the Shah begin gathering in the streets, and another coup begins.the relations of the U.S and Iran continue to get worse -
Warsaw Pact
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/the-warsaw-pact-is-formedThe Soviet Union and seven of its European satellites sign a treaty establishing the Warsaw Pact, a mutual defense organization that put the Soviets in command of the armed forces of the member states.
The Warsaw Pact, so named because the treaty was signed in Warsaw, included the Soviet Union, Albania, Poland, Romania, Hungary, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, and Bulgaria as members. -
Suez Crisis
http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/suez-crisisIsraeli armed forces pushed into Egypt toward the Suez Canal after Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser nationalized the canal in July of that same year, initiating the Suez Crisis. The Israelis soon were joined by French and British forces, which nearly brought the Soviet Union into the conflict, and damaged their relationships with the United States. In the end, the British, French and Israeli governments withdrew their troops in late 1956 and early 1957. -
Hungarian Revolution
http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB76/Hungary in 1956 seemed to sum up all that the Cold War stood for. The people of Hungary and the rest of Eastern Europe were ruled over with a rod of iron by Communist Russia and anybody who challenged the rule of Stalin and Russia paid the price.this took place because Russian leaders wanted power and in order to get it,they established a communist government wherever they could and the death of Stalin in 1953 had no impacts of weakening this policy at all. -
Sputnik
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/sputnik-launchedThe world’s first artificial satellite. The spacecraft, named Sputnik after the Russian word for “satellite,” was launched at 10:29 p.m. Moscow time from the Tyuratam launch base in the Kazakh Republic.it was launched because satellites were necessary during the cold war and could detect enemy planes and was needed for other useful matters also another factor to show that soviets were superior. -
Cuban Revolution
http://latinamericanhistory.about.com/od/historyofthecaribbean/p/08cubanrevo.htmIn 1959 Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista flees the island nation. Amid celebration and chaos in the Cuban capitol of Havana, the U.S. debated how best to deal with the radical Castro and the ominous rumblings of anti-Americanism in Cuba.On January 1, 1959, Batista and a number of his supporters fled Cuba for the Dominican Republic. Tens of thousands of Cubans celebrated the end of the dictator’s regime but they didnt know what the future held for them. -
Kennedy Presidency
http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/john-f-kennedyJohn F. Kennedy was the 35th President of the United States (1961-1963), the youngest man elected to the office. On November 22, 1963, when he was hardly past his first thousand days in office, JFK was assassinated in Dallas, Texas, becoming also the youngest President to die.he is mostly remembered because of the breath taking decision he made on atomic war with USSR and his legacy that left after him also inspiring many mostly the Americans. -
U2 Incident
http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/u2-spy-incidentAn international diplomatic crisis erupted in May 1960 when the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) shot down an American U-2 spy plane in Soviet air space and captured its pilot, Francis Gary Powers.it was indeed a very depressing day for the U.S since it lost one of its very greatest pilots who was shot for spying suspicions. -
First Man in Space
The first man ever to go to space from planet earth and experience something nobody has ever experience before was Yuri Gagarin who was a Russian Soviet pilot and cosmonaut.He was one of Russia's biggest prides and a great history establishment of achievment as the shuttle was launched and he got into space successfully in April 12th. -
Bay of Pigs
http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/bay-of-pigs-invasionOn January 1, 1959, a young Cuban nationalist named Fidel Castro drove his guerilla army into Havana and overthrew General Fulgencio Batista,the invasion did not go well: The invaders were badly outnumbered by Castro’s troops, and they surrendered after less than 24 hours of fighting. -
Berlin Wall
http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/berlin-wallThe end of World War II in 1945 saw Germany divided into four Allied occupation zones. Berlin, the German capital, was likewise divided into occupation sectors, even though it was located deep within the Soviet zone.so East Germany and West Germany were completely separated by the huge gigantic "Berlin wall" it happend because the Soviets had communism and the Easterns didn't want that. -
Checkpoint Charlie
http://www.historvius.com/checkpoint-charlie-103/For 16 hours from the 27 to 28 October 1961, US and Soviet tanks faced each other in divided Berlin and the two superpowers came closer to kicking off a third world war than in any other cold-war confrontation, bar the Cuban missile crisis a year later.it was when Germany was divided into 4 sectors and the Soviets decided to start the world war within that region that started off with a blast and certainly did not have a great impact and made the relations of the two countries worse by time. -
JFK Assassination
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/john-f-kennedy-assassinatedShortly after noon on November 22, 1963, President John F. Kennedy was assassinated as he rode in a motorcade through Dealey Plaza in downtown Dallas, Texas.This assassination took place because JFK was an important ruler and a figure with important decisions that he held and made but sadly was murdered along with his brother Robert. -
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
http://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/gulf-of-tonkin-resolutionOn August 4, 1964, President Lyndon Johnson announced that two days earlier, U.S. ships in the Gulf of Tonkin had been attacked by the North Vietnamese. Johnson dispatched U.S. planes against the attackers and asked Congress to pass a resolution to support his actions.it had good military impacts on the country afterwards -
Vietnam War - American involvement
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1961-1968/tetIn early August 1964, two U.S. destroyers stationed in the Gulf of Tonkin in Vietnam radioed that they had been fired upon by North Vietnamese forces. In response to these reported incidents, President Lyndon B. Johnson requested permission from the U.S. Congress to increase the U.S. military presence in Indochina he did that so the U.S could defend itself against Vietnamese attacks and many died throughout the war. -
SALT I
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1969-1976/saltDuring the late 1960s, the United States learned that the Soviet Union had embarked upon a massive Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) buildup designed to reach parity with the United States. In January 1967, President Lyndon Johnson announced that the Soviet Union had begun to construct a limited Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) defense system around Moscow which had some negative impacts on the relation of the 2 countries -
Prague Spring
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/prague_spring_1968.htmThe “Prague Spring” originated with attacks on the Czechoslovak President Antonin Novotny at the Writers Union Congress in June 1967. Escalating student demonstrations led in January 1968 to Khrushchev supporter Alexander Dubcek being appointed President. Dubcek’s reform program was adopted on 5 April but ended on 20-21 August when Soviet troops invaded. -
Tet Offensive
http://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/tet-offensiveThe Tet Offensive was a series of surprise attacks by the Vietcong (rebel forces sponsored by North Vietnam) and North Vietnamese forces, on scores of cities, towns, and hamlets throughout South Vietnam. It was considered to be a turning point in the Vietnam War.It occured due to the many forces and pressure the country was under and definitely had some negative impacts on Vietnam and how people viewed it as a country later on. -
Nixon Presidency
http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/richard-m-nixonRichard Nixon was elected the 37th President of the United States after previously serving as a U.S. Representative and a U.S. Senator from California. After successfully ending American fighting in Vietnam and improving international relations with the U.S.S.R. and China, he became the only President to ever resign the office, as a result of the Watergate scandal.Thus,he made relations with war countries good and ended several attacks from foreign countries -
Apollo 11
http://www.history.com/topics/apollo-11On July 20, 1969, American astronauts Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin (1930-) became the first humans ever to land on the moon. About six-and-a-half hours later, Armstrong became the first person to walk on the moon.Apollo launch was one of America's proudest moments and how it affected this countrie's value from different perspectives of other nations, also it was another bragging right for the U.S to be superior. -
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
http://www.state.gov/t/isn/npt/The United States, the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom signed the treaty, which limits the spread of military nuclear technology by the recognized nuclear-weapon states - U.S., U.S.S.R., U.K., France and China - to non-nuclear nations wishing to build or acquire atomic weapons. Non-weapon states agree not to get nuclear arms and countries with nuclear weapons will negotiate for disarmament. -
Détente
http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/detenteDétente by definiton is the easing of hostility or strained relations, especially between countries.and one of the easing of hostility that occured in 1972 was between the Unite States and the Soviet Union that began tentatively in 1971 and took decisive form when President Richard M. Nixon visited the secretary-general of the Soviet Communist party, Leonid I. Brezhnev -
Yom Kippur War
http://www.history.com/topics/yom-kippur-war
in 1967, Egyptian and Syrian forces launched a coordinated attack against Israel on Yom Kippur, the holiest day in the Jewish calendar.in this time America had lost a territory which they hoped to get back from Israel from the third Arab-Israeli war that happened in 1967 which did nothing but to worsen the relations of muslims and jews,arabs and israelis. -
Khmer Rouge & the “Killing Fields”
http://www.mtvu.com/shows/a-chilling-look-at-cambodias-infamous-killing-fields/Khmer Rouge seized power in 1975, and in 1976 Khmer Rouge established a new constitution with the new flag under offical name, Democratic Kampuchea. As one of the most violent regimes of the 20th century, the Khmer Rouge regime was responsible for the deaths of approximately 1.7 million people by execution, starvation and forced labor -
Fall of Saigon
http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1880.htmlIn late April 1975, the outskirts of Saigon were reached by the North Vietnamese Army (NVA). On April 29th, the United States knew that their token presence in the city would quickly become unwelcome, and the remaining Americans were evacuated by helicopter or fixed-wing aircraft. The surrender of Saigon was announced by the South Vietnamese president. -
Iranian Revolution
http://www.fsmitha.com/h2/ch29ir.html
there was a huge amount of opposition against Mohammad Reza Shah since most countries labled him as a dictator and most Iranians "at the end of his emperor" knew him as a U.S puppet who gave large amounts of oil to westerners for cheap...one of the opposition rallies was lead by Ayatollah Khomeine who wanted to establish an Islamic republic in which he succeeded "unfortunately" and he did it by highjacking the march and giving people false promises that just made Iran's relations bad. -
Iranian hostage crisis
http://www.history.com/topics/iran-hostage-crisisOn November 4, 1979, a group of Iranian students stormed the U.S. Embassy in Tehran, taking more than 60 American hostages.The immediate cause of this action was President Jimmy Carter’s decision to allow Iran’s deposed Shah, a pro-Western autocrat who had been expelled from his country some months before, to come to the United States for cancer treatment. It was also a way to raise the intra- and international profile of the revolution’s leader, the anti-American cleric Ayatollah Ruhollah Khom -
Reagan Presidency
http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/ronald-reagan
Ronald Wilson Reagan was an American politician and conservative spokesman who served as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989.Some viewed him good and some bad but overall he did some great things for the U.S and some not so memorable.Thus, he is mostly famous for his statement "will again be the exemplar of freedom and a beacon of hope for those who do not have freedom" that wanted to establish democracy in countries that needed it. -
Korean Air Lines Flight 007
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/korean-airlines-flight-shot-down-by-soviet-unionKorean Airlines (KAL) flight 007 was on the last leg of a flight from New York City to Seoul, with a stopover in Anchorage, Alaska. As it approached its final destination, the plane began to veer far off its normal course. In just a short time, the plane flew into Russian airspace and crossed over the Kamchatka Peninsula, where some top-secret Soviet military installations were known to be located. The Soviets sent two fighters to intercept the plane. the K A L F 007 was shot down later on -
Reagan and Gorbachev meet
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/reagan-and-gorbachev-meet-in-reykjavikPresident Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev meet in Reykjavik, Iceland, to continue discussions about curbing their intermediate missile arsenals in Europe. Just when it appeared that agreement might be reached, the talks fell apart amid accusations and recriminations, and U.S.-Soviet relations took a giant step backwards.Thus, this is said to have a huge impact on the relations of the nations and continue the bitter rivelary. -
“Tear Down This Wall” speech
http://www.historyplace.com/speeches/reagan-tear-down.htmI believe one of the most inspirational and important speeches ever given was the “Tear Down This Wall” speech spoken by Ronald Reagan, former American presidents.The Berlin Wall, referred to by the President, was built by Communists in August 1961 to keep Germans from escaping Communist-dominated East Berlin into Democratic West Berlin. The twelve-foot concrete wall extended for a hundred miles, surrounding West Berlin, and included electrified fences and guard posts. -
Tiananmen Square Massacre
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/594820/Tiananmen-Square-incidentIn May 1989, nearly a million Chinese, mostly young students, crowded into central Beijing to protest for greater democracy and call for the resignations of Chinese Communist Party leaders deemed too repressive. For nearly three weeks, the protesters kept up daily vigils, and marched and chanted.these protests occured because the Chinese communist government was suffering the people and the citizens had enough and decided to make a change. -
Fall of the Berlin Wall
http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/berlin-wallThe Berlin Wall stood until November 9, 1989, when the head of the East German Communist Party announced that citizens of the GDR could cross the border whenever they pleased. That night, ecstatic crowds swarmed the wall. Some crossed freely into West Berlin, while others brought hammers and picks and began to chip away at the wall itself.it happened because Germans did not want their country divided into sectors which later on had benefitial impacts since the country did not get seperated. -
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/fall-of-soviet-unionIn December of 1991, as the world watched in amazement, the Soviet Union disintegrated into fifteen separate countries. Its collapse was hailed by the west as a victory for freedom, a triumph of democracy over totalitarianism, and evidence of the superiority of capitalism over socialism.this even took place because at the last few years the USSR was extremely aggressive and many people's lives were under threats so its was becoming inevitable as the Soviet Union would fall.
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