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1st Manassas (First Battle of Bull Run)
Confederate win Union led by Winfield Scott/Irvin McDowell/Robert Patterson, 2708 casualties
Confederacy led by P. G. T. Beauregard/Stonewall Jackson/ Joseph E. Johnston, 1982 casualties Outcomes:
Union was shocked at loss; another loss led to Union committee on war
Confederacy wasn't enthusiastic due to understanding of the likely length of the war Significance: Led to preparation of stronger armies and for a long haul source -
Battle of Shiloh
Union victory Union led by Ulysses S. Grant & Don Carlos Buell, 13074 casualties
Confederacy led by Albert Sidney Johnston & P. G. T. Beauregard, 10669 casualties Outcomes: North disparaged Grant for his role despite his clear judgement; Sherman became a hero; Beauregard was re-assigned after anger from Davis Significance: Led to some victories (i.e. Battle of Monocacy for the Union), but general ghosts of actions past were abound source -
Seven Days Wars
Confederate victory over 7 days to July 1st Union led by George B. McClellan, 15849 casualties
Confederates led by Robert E. Lee, ~20050 casualties Outcomes: Northern morale crushed while Southern morale was boosted; Confederate generals reassigned after bad performance Significance: Shuffled roles on both sides source -
2nd Manassas (Second Battle of Bull Run)
Confederate victory over 2 days until the 30th Union led by John Pope, 14462 casualties
Confederacy led by Robert E. Lee, 7298 casualties Outcomes: Lee continued agressive moves up to Battle of Antietam Significance: Possible path towards Gettysburg win started here source -
Battle of Antietam
Unclear victor (tactical victory for Union Union led by George B. McClellan, 12410 casualties
Confederacy led by Robert E. Lee, 10316 casualties Outcomes: Led to favorable short- and long-term conditions for the Union Significance: Could have led many paths, but allowed for many things, including a good time for issuing the Emancipation Proclamation and keeping the French/British from recognizing the Confederacy as independent source -
Siege of Vicksburg
Union victory over 17 days to July 4th Union led by Ulysses S. Grant, 4835 casualties
Confederates led by John C. Pemberton, 32697 casualties Outcomes: Left the Confederacy split up, allowing for more pressure from the Union Significance: Split the Confederacy in two, ending the Anaconda Plan/Vicksburg Campaign; considered the turning point of the war by some source -
Battle of Gettysburg
Union victory over 2 days to the 3rd Union led by George G. Meade, 23049 casualties
Confederates led by Robert E. Lee, 23k-28k casualties Outcomes: Surrounding towns had to deal with the dead/injured/captured; North was enthusiastic about the win; Confederacy lost very much in the battle, but referred to it more as a setback Significance: Gettysburg Address, weakening of Confederacy source -
Siege of Petersburg
Union victory, fought through April 2nd, 1865. Union led by Ulysses S. Grant, George Meade and Benjamin Butler, ~42000 casualties
Confederates led by Robert E. Lee and P. G. T. Beauregard, ~28000 casualties Outcomes: Led to the downfall of Confederate forces at nearby areas Significance: Eventually led to the Battle of Appomattox Court House source -
Sherman's March South
Union victory; took place through December 21st. Union led by William T. Sherman, ~60500 casualties
Confederates militia led by William J. Hardee and Joseph Wheeler, 12466 casualties Outcomes: Confederate institutions were scorched along Sherman's path, hurting Confederate operations elsewhere Significance: Bold strategy by Sherman; helped weaken Confederacy to where Confederates would surrender easier source -
Battle of Appomattox Court House
Union victory (surrender) Union led by Ulysses S. Grant, George G. Meade, Philip Sheridan and Edward O. C. Ord, 164 casualties
Confederates led by Robert E. Lee, 500 casualties Outcomes: Robert E. Lee surrendered along with his army at the court house Significance: Triggered wave of surrenders across the South, eventually leading to the end of the war source
