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Period: to
Civil War
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Lincoln is Elected
Lincoln was elected and the south became angry. -
Fort Sumter
Forty hours of continuous shelling before the fort fell to the South. By this time one-fifth of the fort was on fire. The Southern commander gave permission for all the Union troops to leave safely and the Southern troops took over the fort. -
Blockade
Lincoln proclaimed a blockade of the South. That way the South was trapped and the North cut off their supplies. Plus the North would dominate the Mississippi River. -
1st Bull Run
This was the first great battle of the Civil War. The battle was fought at Manassas Junction near Bull Run Creek, only 30 miles south of Washington, D. C. Many Congressmen and their wives watched from behind the battle lines. The North was defeated and retreated to the capital. President Lincoln asked for more volunteers. -
Monitor Vs. Virginian
It was the most noted and arguably most important naval battle of the American Civil War from the standpoint of the development of navies. It was fought over two days, March 8–9, 1862. The battle was a part of the effort of the Confederacy to break the Union blockade, which had cut off Virginia's largest cities, Norfolk and Richmond, from international trade. The major significance of the battle is that it was the first meeting in combat of ironclad warships. -
Shiloh
After Grant had captured several forts in Tennessee his armies moved south toward Mississippi. The Confederate army met Grant at Shiloh, Tennessee. Grant had not expected the attack. At first he seemed to be losing. Then more Northern troops arrived and Grant defeated the Southerners. -
7 Days
In a series of battles the Southern army led by Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Robert E. Lee, the South managed to drive back the Union army. Lee breaks McClellan seige of Richmond. -
Antietam
Lee took command telling the Confederate forces that he planned to carry the fight to the enemy. He crossed the Potomac River into Maryland, but was blocked from Washington, D. C. by Union troops in a bloody battle at Sharpsburg near Antietam Creek. Lee realized that his army was in a bad position to receive supplies and withdrew his troops over the Potomac to Virginia. -
Emancipation Issued
It was a set of two executive orders, issued by President Lincoln, which freed the slaves in the rebel states and guaranteed the enforcement of their emancipation. -
2nd Bull Run
The Union led by General John Pope was defeated at Bull Run Creek while trying to reach Richmond. The Union army retreat to Washington. -
Emancipation takes Effect
Abraham Lincoln issues the final Emancipation Proclamation. This freed all the slaves in the Confederate territories. Also it gave the slaves a choice to go into the Union Army. -
Chancellorsville
General Lee fought against General Joseph Hooker. Although outnumbered two to one, Lee won the battle. During the battle General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson was killed. -
Gettysburg
Robert E. Lee invaded Pennsylvania in June 1863. He was hoping to threaten Washington and Philadelphia, to breed Northern morale, and to gain recognition and independence for the Southern Confederacy. At Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, Lee's Army of Northern Virginia met the Army of the Potomac. It was under the command of General George G, Meade. This famous battle lasted three days. The Southerners were turned back and again retreated into Virginia. -
Vicksburg
In Vicksburg, Mississippi a strong fort overlooked the river. Grant surrounded the fort and began a siege. On July 4 Vicksburg surrendered. This gave the North control of the Mississippi River. -
Gettysburg Address
It was delivered at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, on November 19, 1863, during the American Civil War, four and a half months after the Battle of Gettysburg. Lincoln invoked the principles of human equality espoused by the Declaration of Independence and redefined the Civil War as a struggle not merely for the Union, but as "a new birth of freedom" that would bring true equality to all of its citizens. -
Chattanooga
Confederate Gen. Braxton Bragg quickly laid siege to the city, cutting off access to Union supplies. In response, Lincoln ordered Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant to Chattanooga. He quickly refortified the city, opening up a desperately needed supply line. On November 24, Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker defeated Confederate troops at the Battle of Lookout Mountain and the following day, Union Maj. Gen. George Thomas. The victories forced the Confederates back into Georgia, ending the siege of Chattanooga. -
Grant Takes Over
In March 1864, Lincoln gave Ulysses S. Grant command of all Union armies. This was so significant because Grant accually fought. He made no excuses not to move and staying in place. He accually wanted to go and fight. -
Atlanta
Northern troops under Sherman captured Atlanta after a forty-day siege of the city. Sherman burned much of the city on November 15 before leaving to begin his march to the sea. -
Lincoln Re-elected
Abraham Lincoln is re-elected president for a second term. He beats his oppent Democrat George E. McClellan. With his re-election, any hope for a negotiated settlement with the Confederacy vanished. Most important was the fact that the election was held at all. Before this, no country had ever held elections during a military emergency Five months after Lincoln's re-election, the collapse of the Confederacy was complete. -
March to Sea
The campaign began with Sherman's troops leaving the captured city of Atlanta, Georgia, on November 16 and ended with the capture of the port of Savannah on December 21. It inflicted significant damage, particularly to industry and infrastructure, and also to civilian property. -
Savannah Falls
After leaving Atlanta in flames, Sherman's men marched across Georgia toward Savannah. In order to break the South's will to fight, Sherman had his men destroy railroad tracks, loot houses, and burn factories. Sherman seized Savannah December 21, and then drove northward, capturing Charleston and Columbia, South Carolina, then heading through North Carolina to Virginiia. Sherman summed up the goal of his military maneuvers in grim terms -
13th Amendment
United States Constitution officially outlaws slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime. -
Occupy Richmond
The Union came and occupied Richmond Virgina. When the Union occupied it, they took over the Confederates capitol and this was the place where most of their goods would be. So if they took this over then the Union would be basically taking over the Confederates. -
Lee Surenders
When Virginia declared its secession from the Union in April 1861, Lee chose to follow his home state, despite his personal desire for the Union to stay intact and despite the fact that President Abraham Lincoln had offered Lee command of the Union Army. -
Lincoln is Shot
On Good Firday, April 14 Lincoln was assassinated. He was attending a performance at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D. C. The assisin was and actor named John Wilkes Booth. After twelve days of running Booth was fatally shot.
