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The first state secession convention meets
*South Carolina became the first state to secede from the Union
*The convention was done by the governor and legislature of South Carolina once Lincoln's victory was confirmed
* Delegates were choose on December 6 1860 and the convention was created on December 17.
*This action had made South Carolina the first state to secede. -
Ulysses S. Grant
*Ulysses S. Grant led the Union Armies as a commanding general to victory over the Confederacy in the Civil War
*Ulysses S. Grant was also a military officer and politician and served as the 18th president.
*Grant signed the 15th Amendment in the Constitution which gave black men the right to vote.
*Congress made the Department of Justice by Grant's request. -
Carla Barton
*She was one of the first women to work for the federal government
*She founded the American Red Cross
*she was also a nurse during the Civil War
*Clara Barton was a captivating public speaker who delivered lectures and speeches to raise awareness -
Bullrun
*McDowell's army of 28,450 resulted with 460 killed and 1,124 wounded, with over 1,300 listed as missing or captured
*By the end of the Bull Run most argue that it did more harm to the victors than to the defeated.
*The victory gave the South a confidence and shock to the North who then realized the war would not be won easily like they hoped.
*The humiliation of Bull Run showed focus to the North, which turned into a determination to end the rebellion at all costs. -
Attack on Fort Sumter
*the Confederate States of America had attacked the United States military garrison at Fort Sumter in South Carolina
*2 days later the fort surrendered thankfully no one was killed in battle
* Would start the Civil War and the bloodiest sight in America
*Fort Sumter was built to protect the Charleston Harbor. -
Battle of Mill Springs, Kentucky
*Both the Union and the Confederacy thought the state of Kentucky would be valuable to their side causing this battle.
*39 Union soldiers and 125 Confederate soldiers were killed
*The Union victory at Battle of Mill was important in breaking the Confederate line of defense in Kentucky early in the Civil War.
* There were around 5,900 Confederates and 4,400 Union soldiers in this battle. -
Battle of Antetam
*Around 3,500 soldiers were killed and 17,000 wounded and only lasted for a day.
*Union victory at Antietam Battle
*Gave President Lincoln the opportunity to announce the Emancipation Proclamation
*Ended the Confederate Army's first invasion into the North -
emancipation proclamation
*The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by President Lincoln on January 1,1863
*The proclamation stated "that all people held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free." affecting the fighting of the Civil War that had a huge impact on the institutions of slaver.
*It had the impact of changing the legal status of more than 3.5 million enslaved African Americans
*Said that freed slaves could join in the Union Army increasing the Union's strength -
Battle of Gettysburg
*The 2nd day of battle had over 100,000 soldiers and 20,000 ended up killed, wounded, captured, or missing.
*Gettysburg stopped the Confederacy's last full on invasion of the North.
*The Confederate army ordered an assault on the Union army known as Pickett's Charge which got pushed back and resulted in the end of the Battle of Gettysburg by the Confederate army retreating to the south.
*Ended with a victory for General George and the Army of the Potomac. -
Battle of cold harbor
*It was a 2 week battle that left more than 18,000 soldiers killed, wounded, or captured.
*This defeat was one of the worst of the wars for the Union army which caused many Northern states to call for an end to the war
*The Battle of Cold Harbor was the last major battle in General Ulysses Grant's Overland Campaign.
*The main part of the Battle of Cold Harbor was an assault on Confederate lines that resulted in 7,000 Union casualties in less than an hour. -
Sherman at sea
*Sherman's troops demolished 300 miles of railroad, multiple bridges, and miles of telegraph lines.
* took 5,000 horses, 4,000 mules, and 13,000 head of cattle
*Sherman's March to the Sea was to ruin the Confederacy's ability to start a war.
*Over millions of pounds of corn and fodder were confiscated. -
Surrender at Appomattox Courthouse
- A week before the battle at Appomattox, Lee lost more than half of his army. *Lee choose to give up his army in part because he wanted to avoid conflict in the South. *Giving up his army did not help end the war. *Grant decided to parole the Army rather than make them prisoners.
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Robert E. Lee
*He was called to end abolitionist John Brown’s raid going on at Harpers Ferry.
*He was awarded the command of the Federal forces, but rejected it and Instead, he accepted a general’s commission in the Confederate Army.
* He also was as military advisor to President Jefferson Davis in 1862 where he was also given the command of the wounded General.
*Lee led the most successful Southern armies during the Civil War and technically led all the Confederate armies.