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Fort Sumter
The battle of Fort Sumter was when this fort was bombarded and it begun the Civil War. This fort is near Charleston, South Carolina. -
First Battle of Bull Run
Lincoln had ordered an invasion of Virginia with a plan to take over the rebel capitol of Richmond. Fighting breaks out by a little creek called Bull Run. The North takes the South seriously after this battle. Lincoln requests 500,000 soldiers to fight for 3 years. -
Battle of Antietam
This is the battle that was considered the bloodiest single day of war. Both sides battled all day and nobody gained ground by nightfall. 22,717 dead, wounded, or missing on both sides. After this battle, Lincoln passes the Emancipation Proclamation. -
Emancipation Proclamation
Abraham Lincoln passes this act. This frees all slaves in states in rebellion- the Confederacy. Lincoln did this to weaken the South. He omitted the boarder states so that they would not leave the Union. -
Formation of the 54th Mass.
This is the most famous of all the black regiments. This was one of the first official African American units in the United States. They were encouraged to join the army. They would also get paid. -
Battle of Gettysburg
This was considered the "turning point" or "beginning of the end". The Union won this battle and Lee's hopes were crushed for a victory in the North. The North lost 23,000 soldiers while the Confederate States lost 28,000. -
Defeat of Vicksburg
Ulysses S. Grant defeated the confederates at Vicksburg. Vicksburg was the last stronghold of the Confederates on the river. This victory fulfilled the Anaconda Plan. The Union gained full control of the Mississippi River and split the South in half. -
New York City Draft Riots
New laws were passed that required men to serve in the military. The men required were between the ages of 18-45. There were some exception for this in the North and South. This topic resulted in New York City draft riots. -
Gettysburg Address
Lincoln spoke in Gettysburg at a dedication of a cemetery for 3,500 soldiers that were buried there. Lincoln's speech was less than 2 minutes short, but 272 words long. Lincoln said that those who died, did so for a reason, the nation was founded on "all men were created equal", and he made a plea to continue the fight for democracy so that "government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth". -
Sherman's March to Sea
Grant developed a plan to defeat the Confederate Rebels. He will go through the South. Sherman's Total War, meaning that he will go against enemy troops and anything that supports the enemy. His troops tore up rail lines, destroyed crops, and burned and looted towns. -
Congress Passes the 13th Amendment
Lincoln insisted for congress to pass this law. This law abolished slavery all throughout the country and made involuntary labor illegal. -
Surrender at Appomattox Court House
The surrender at Appomattox Court House was the end of the Civil war.It was Lee who surrendered to Grant, which meant that the North had won the war. -
Creation of Freedman's Bureau
Freedman's Bureau was a government organization that tried to help former slaves. They would search for family members that were separated during slavery. Education was provided for these former slaves as well, -
Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln was shot at the back of the head by John Wilkes Booth during a play that he attended. Both jumped off the balcony which resulted in him breaking his leg. He got away, but was hunted down, found, and killed by Union troops. -
14th Amendment
The 14th Amendment was passed because Congress was not satisfied with the Civil Rights Act. This amendment stated that all people born in the U.S. were citizens and had the same rights, all citizens were to be granted "equal protection of the laws", and that if any state kept blacks from voting, they would lose representatives in Congress. -
15th Amendment
The fifteenth amendment states that citizens can't be stopped from "voting on account of race or color". The result of this was that 600 black men served in state legislatures, 14 black men served in the House of Representatives, and 2 black men served in the Senate. -
End of Reconstruction
Rutherford B Hayes was elected President in 1876. In 1877 he withdrew the last federal troops from the South. He ended Reconstruction and the Republican's fight for racial equality. -
Supreme Court Case Plessy vs. Ferguson
The court ruled that segregation was not against the constitution. They thought of "separate but equal". This would not be overturned until Brown v Board of Education in 1954.
