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Confederates under General Pierre Beauregard open fire with 50 cannons upon Fort Sumter in Charleston, South Carolina.
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The first major battle of the Civil War. About 30,000 Union troops commanded by General Irvin McDowell attacked a smaller Confederate force led by General P.G.T. Beauregard.
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Confederate soldiers surprise attack troops in Shiloh, Tennessee results with 13,000 Union and 10,000 Confederates killed and wounded, more men than in all previous American wars combined.
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The Union Army is defeated by the Confederate's much smaller forces. 17,000 out of 130,000 Union soldiers are killed, wounded and missing. 13, 000 out of 60,000 Confederate soldiers.
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75,000 Federals are defeated by 55,000 Confederates at Bull Run in northern Virginia. The Union Army retreats to Washington.
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Army of the Potomac lose 12,653 men in Fredericksburg, Virginia after 14 frontal assaults on Confederates on Marye's Heights. "We Confederate losses are 5,309.
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President Lincoln issues the final Emancipation Proclamation which frees all slaves held by Confederates.
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The Confederates are defeated by the Union at the Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania.
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The Union defeats the rebels. Union troops attack the Confederates on the face of Missionary Ridge without orders and wipe them out.
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A mistake by General Grant results in 7,000 Union casualties in 20 minutes during an battle against fortified Rebels at Cold Harbor in Virginia.
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General Robert E. Lee surrenders his Confederate Army to General Ulysses S. Grant in Appomattox, Virginia.
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The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, passed by Congress on January 31, 1865 is ratified. Slavery is ended in all of the U.S.
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