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Southern Succesion
Succesion is the act of withdrawing formally from an alliance, federation, or association, as from a political union. In the southern succesion the southern states did this because of tension arising between the two parts of the now United States. On April 12 1861, there was a geograpical line seperating the northern and southern states, making the north now the United States and the south adopting the name Confederate States of America. The act of the south seceding is what started the war -
Jefferson Davis
-President of the Confederate United States during the Civil war
-Born June 3rd ,1808
-Died December 6th, 1869
-He personally made the war strategies for the Confederate, and even then was not able to defeat the larger more powerful Union -
Abraham Lincoln
-Led America throught the civil war
-18th President of the United States
-Born February 12th 1809
-Assassinated April 15th 1865 in the ford theatre
-While in Office he accomplished many things such as abolishing slavery, strengthening the national government and modernizing the economy -
The Union Blockade
-Purpose was to Stop the south from from receiving supplies from other countries
-The blockade was also called the Anaconda plan, it was given this name because it was like a snake was wrapping around the southern states blocking of all external traffic
-This prevented the south from getting weapons while the north could still produce their own.
-Anaconda plan was thought up by Union General Winfield Scott -
General Robert E. Lee
Lee vs. Grant who is the better leader -Born January 19, 1807
-Died October 12, 1870
-As a general Lee was Confederate
-Because of his reputation as one of the finest officers in the United States Army, Abraham Lincoln offered Lee the command of the Federal forces in April 1861
-He did not accept arguing that he could not fight against his own people. -
Slaughter at Shiloh
-Took placle in southwestern Tennesse
-Confederate soldiers came out of the woods and attacked a line of Union soldiers under the command of Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston
-The Confederates were so overwhelming and the Union was so
unprepared that Ulysses S.Grant entire command was threatened.
-Once the Union recieved reinforcements the south didnt stand a chance and they retreated. -
Copperheads
-Named for the poisonous snake which gives no warning before it strikes
-Strongly Opposed the civil war
-Were a group of people that opposed and criticized Abraham Lincoln
-Copperheads had an enormous effect on the Democratic Party, nearly taking control of it in 1864
-Were constantly trying to overthrow the government
-They were not violent, The majority wanted to effect change at the ballot box, not at gunpoint.
-Most were "Loyal Unionists" -
New Orleans Surrenders Union
-New Orleans was one of the only large cities in the south
-The capture of this southern city was a huge hit to the Confederacy and showed how powerful the Northern army was . -
Battle of Antietam
-The bloodiest single day in American military history ended in a draw.
-The Army of the Potomac, under the command of George McClellan, mounted a series of powerful assaults against Robert E. Lee’s forces near Sharpsburg, Maryland
-the Confederate retreat gave Abraham Lincoln the “victory” that he so needed before issuing the Emancipation Proclamation. -
Emancipation Proclamation
-Created by President Abraham Lincoln
-Lincoln stated in the proclamation that every slave "shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free."
-DId not actually free a single slave
-Still was a huge turning point in the war
-Lincoln new that being against slavery would help him win the election -
54th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry
-Allegiance to the Union
-Was one of the first official African American units in the United States during the Civil War
-The soldiers were recruited by white abolitionists
-Received a lot of moral support from white abolitionists
-For abolitionists ending slavery was the reason for the war, and they argued that black people should be able to join the fight for their freedom so when their was a infantry for coloured people many people were happy -
General Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson
-Born January 21, 1823
-Died May 10, 1863
-General for the Confederate
-Died of pneumonia a week after his own troops accidentally fired on him during the Battle of Chancellorsville in Virginia
-Recognized as one of the most effective commanders in the Confederate army -
Siege of Vicksburg
-Final major military action in the Vicksburg Campaign
-Led by Ulysses S.Grant
-Grant decided to surround the city even though he was running low on reinforcements and supplies
-After 40 days grant was successful and the garrison surrendered -
Battle of gettysburg
-Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee focused his army around Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
-Battle Lasted 3 days
-On the first day Confederates drove Union defenders through Gettysburg to Cemetery Hill
-On the second day Lee hit the back lines of the Union line resulting in severe fighting at Devil's Den, Little Round Top, the Wheatfield, Peach Orchard, Culp’s Hill and East Cemetery Hill, the south gained more ground
- Lee attacked the Union center on Cemetery Ridge and was taken back with heavy losses -
Gettysburg Address
-Was a speech by Abraham Lincoln
-Regarded as one of the greatest speeches in american history
-The speech talked about human equality and referenced the Declaration of Independance and how it speaks of freedom and Equality.
-Lincoln also spoke of the men that fought at Gettysburg and honored them -
Battle of Chattanooga
-Grant takes charge of the Unions Western Armies
-Grant focused on lifting the Confederate siege of Chattanooga, Tennessee, which had been in place since the Battle of Chickamauga in September
-Many Consecutive victories allowed the Union to have a victory -
Camp Sumter
-One of the largest Confederate military prisons during the Civil War
-Prison existed for 14 months
-45,000 Union soldiers were imprisoned, and of them 15,000 almost died -
General Hiram Ulysses Grant
-Born April 27, 1822
-Died July 23, 1885
-Arguably the most successfull general during the civil war
-Grant was the 18th president of the United States following his success as a commander in the American Civil War -
Shermans March
-For 6 days Union General William T. Sherman led 60,000 soldiers on a 285-mile march from Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia
-Purpose was to frighten Georgia’s civilian population into abandoning the Confederate cause
-They did not destroy any of the towns but they stole food and livestock and burned the houses and barns of people who tried to fight back -
Burning of Atlanta
-General Sherman ordered the burining of all buildings, imachine shops, depots, and arsenals in Atlanta
-The town was successfully mostly burned to the ground
