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Protest - Rosa Parks and The Montgomery Bus Boycott, Greensboro Sit-In, Albany Campaign, March on Washington for Jobs, March From Selma to Montgomery
Legislation and/or Court Case - Civil Rights Act of 1954, Civil Rights Act of 1957, Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg, University of California Regents v. Bakke
Violence By Protesters - Freedom Rides
Violence by Opposition - Little Rock Nine Crisis, The Murder of Emmit Till
Achievements - Hank Arrons Home run Record, Barbra Jordan, S Chisolm -
On May 17, 1954, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously that separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. Legally ending racial segregation in public schools and overruling the separate but equal ruling from Plessy v. Ferguson in 1889. -
Emmett Till, a 14 year old black teenager from Chicago was visiting family in a small town in Mississippi during the summer of 1955. Till was lynched for allegedly whistling at a white woman. His brutally beaten body was found floating in the Tallahatchie River. This caused a big spark in the civil rights movement. -
On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks was arrested in Montgomery, Alabama, for disorderly conduct for refusing to give up her bus seat to a white man. -
On September 4, 1957 nine african american students arrived at Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. They made their way through a crowd heckling them and even throwing objects. Once the students reached the front door the National Guard prevented them from entering the school and were forced to go home. -
The Civil Rights Act of 1957 was intended to protect the right of African Americans to vote. -
On February 1, 1960, four African American students sat down at the lunch counter at Woolworth's in downtown Greensboro, where the official policy was to refuse service to anyone but whites. They were denied service, but the four young men refused to give up their seats. -
Freedom Riders were groups of white and African American civil rights activists who participated in Freedom Rides, bus trips through the racist Jim Crow South in 1961 to protest segregated bus terminals. -
The Albany Movement aimed to end all forms of racial segregation in the city of Albany, GA. It focused on desegregating travel facilities, and the release of those jailed from protesting. -
The March on Washington was held on August 28, 1963, with the main event taking place before the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. It was a peaceful protest characterized by speeches from Martin Luther King Jr. and Philip Randolph that was attended by over 200,000 white and black Americans. -
The Selma Marches were a series of three marches that took place in 1965 from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama. These marches were organized to protest the blocking of Black Americans right to vote by the racist structure of the Jim Crow South. -
The Supreme Court of the United States unanimously upheld busing programs that aimed to speed up the racial integration of public schools in the United States. -
Shirley Chisolm explored her candidacy in July 1971 and formally announced her presidential bid in January 1972. She called for a bloodless revolution at the upcoming democratic nominating conventions. -
Despite hate mail, death threats against him and a plan to kidnap one of his daughters, Aaron broke Babe Ruth's homerun record on April 8, 1974 when he hit his 715th homerun. -
In 1976 Texas Congresswoman Barbra Jordan delivered the keynote address at the Democratic National Convention. Jordan called for Americans to commit themselves to a national community and the common good. -
Allan Bakke, a white California man who had twice unsuccessfully applied for admission to the medical school, filed suit against the university. Citing evidence that his grades and test scores surpassed those of many minority students who had been accepted for admission. He accused the University of setting quotas.