-
Plessy vs. Ferguson
African American, Homer Plessy went to Supreme Court ruling against judge John H. Ferguson. Plessy refused to sit in a Jim Crow cart on a train stating it conlficted with the 13th and 14th Ammendemnts. On May 18th,1896 a 7-1 vote over ruled Plessy's argument. <a href='' >http://goo.gl/GyeL04</a> -
Period: to
Civil Rights are Passed
The Civil Rights Act finally passed for African Americans. -
CORE
Founded in 1942, CORE was one of the big four civil rights organizations at the time. Founders names were: James R. Robinson, James L. Farmer, Jr. Joe Guinn, George Houser, Bernice Fisher, and Homer Jack. It also expanded nationally still in 1942. This organization sought to help end segregation peacfully. <a href='' >http://goo.gl/r9Sakm</a> -
Jackie Robinson
In 1947 Jackie Robinson broke baseball's color barrier by playing for the Brooklyn Dodgers. During his time he faced a lot of insults and abuse, but handled it very well. Jackie supported intergration and he led people to question "sepperate but equal." He was inducted into the baseball hall of fame in 1962. <a href='' >http://goo.gl/6i4NBZ</a> -
Brown vs. Board of Education
On May 17th, 1954 the Supreme Court ruled that "seperate but equal" public schools were unconstitutional. This was big due to the fact that it involved all public schools in america. This was a huge change from the Plessy vs. Ferguson case tha said sperate schools were ok. <ahref=''>http://goo.gl/qU0DC3</a> Primary document: <a href='' >https://goo.gl/5fUZvN</a> -
Montgomery bus boycott
After Rosa Parks resufsed to give up her seat to a white man and taken to jail, bus boycotts were organized in December of 1955. People protested buses for a year to stop segregation on buses. On Decmber 20th 1956 the court ruled to desegragate buses. This was a huge accomplishment for civilrights. <a href='' >http://goo.gl/ditLXT</a> -
Period: to
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Lasted over a year to protest equallity on buses. -
"The Souhern Manifeso"
The Southern Manifesto or, the Declaration of Constitutional Principles was introduced on March 12h, 1956. This stated that the brown cases abused judicial power that trespassed apon states' righs. It incouraged states to do whatever they can do go against this brown ruling. This pushed back some thngs that civilrights acvtivits achieved in the south. <a href='' >http://goo.gl/xCA3qD</a> -
Southern Christian Ledearship Conference SCLC
The SCLC was founded in 1957 after the bus boycotts to keep the civilrght movements going, but in a non-violent manner. Martin Luther King Jr. was their first president until is assasination. The SCLC was church oriented due to its ties with the African American churches. <a href='' >http://goo.gl/x0Xquh</a> -
Lillte Rock- Central High School
On September 4th, 1957 three years after the brown vs board of education was ruled the first school in Arkansas was being intergrated. Minnijean Brown, Terrance Roberts, Elizabeth Eckford, Ernest Green, Thelma Mothershed, Melba Patillo, Gloria Ray, Jefferson Thomas, and Carlotta Walls were th first African American students to attend the high school. White protestors came to riot them, resulting in the police escorting them in. Primary Document: <ahref=''>http://goo.gl/2Rfz51</a> -
Greensboro sit-in
On February 1st, 1960 four student went into WoolWorth's and sat at the counter. During this time the rule was to refuse any colored people serivice. They sat there all day refusing to get up even when the police were called. They stayed there until closing and came back the next day with even more people. From this event more and more people began to do sit-ins and by the summer of 1960, places were being intergrated. <a href='' >http://goo.gl/jnmA2S</a> -
Student Nonviolent Coordnating Committee SNCC
SNCC was created due to the sit-ins from college students. This organization helped organize the sit-ins all around in the south. This committee lasted 6 years and helped create history with the sit-ins it organized. -
Freedom Rides
On may 4th, 1961 13 people participated in the first freedom ride. These Freedom Rides were a series of bus trips to protest segrigation in the south. Everyone that was apart of these were recruted from CORE. During their time, the people would ednure a lot of violence and protests agaisnt them. However, they received a lot of media attention that helped them out. <a href='' >http://goo.gl/43NCzA</a>
Map: http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/h-1605 -
Twenty-fourth Amendment
This gave everyone the right to voten in any primary or other election for President or Vice President. No one was now able to be denied this in state. -
Medgar evers
He was a civil rights activist who organized voter registration efforts demonstrates and boycotts of companies that practiced discrimination. He became the first field secretary of the NAACP. Evers had a high-profile position in high school and he was a target for racists. his family was threatened and subjected to many violent actions and Evers died on June 12, 1963 causing a national outrage -
letter from birmingham jail.
MLKJ wrote the letter while in jail from being arrested from protesting. He stated some of the issuses and problems that the cleargy men had with him. Basically MLKJ said hes only premoting good and equality and the people of bermingham are premoting hate.
Primary Document: <a href='' >http://goo.gl/OfhdJr</a> -
March On Washington
Was for jobs and freedom. More that 200,000 people gathered to rally. This was to enlighten socioty on political and social challenges african americans faced. MLKJ gave his famous "I HAVE A DREAM" speech.
Map: <a href='' >http://goo.gl/iLqwCC</a> -
Bombing of birmingham
Baptist church was bombed by white suprimisist of the south. it killed 4 young girls and many others were injured. protests increased after the bombing. This drew national attention to the civil rights movement. -
Civil Rights Act Passed
This ended segrigation in public areas and banned imployment discrimination on race, color, religion, sex, national origion. this finally passed after years of strugle and setbacs for arican amercans. primary Doc. <a href='' >http://goo.gl/cm67Ct</a> -
Misissippi freedom summer
organizations such ar CORE and SNCC organized a voter registration drive. this was to increase black voters in Missippi. The KKK and some police carried out violent attacks on those who supported the organization map: <a href='' >http://goo.gl/OduzNO</a> -
Malcolm X Assasinated
A week after his house was fire bombed, he was shot to death by nation of Islam leaders. Malcolm had actually created the protest in New York City where he died. This shocked millions around the world. -
Selma to Montgomery
The SCLC ran by MLK, made Selma the focus point of black voters in the south. They marched from Sema to Montgomery where they were met with many protestors and police. This helped raise awareness of the difficulty black voters faced in the south.
Map: <a href='' >http://goo.gl/Rhyyvn</a> -
Voting Rights Act Approved
Signed into law by President Lydndon Johnson. This was aimed to over leagall barriers at state and local levels that prevented African Americans from exercising their right to vote under the 15th ammendment. It widend franchise and is considered among the most far reaching pieces of the civil rights in U.S. history. -
King Assasinated
MLK was shot dead while standing on a balcony outside of his motel room outside of Memphis. This caused in racial violence that caused more than 40 deaths nation wide. Many people mourned at MLK's death. He was a huge impact on the civil rights movements for African Americans. -
Black Panthers
Two men wee gunned down by 14 police officers while they were sleeping in their Chicago apartment. About 100 bullets were fired in what police descirbed as a fierce gun battle with members of the Black Panther Party. The Black Panther party practiced and trained in military self defense for the minority communities. -
James Meredith
He became tive in the republican party in the 1960's. Meredith unsuccessfully ran for Adam dam Clayton Powell Jr.'s Sea in the US house of Representitives in 1967
