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Emmett Till’s Murder
Protest, Violence by Opposition.
Emmett was a 14-year-old boy who was beaten and murdered to death because of his skin color. He was also shot in the head then had a metal fan tied around his neck and floated down a river. Emmet was just a boy and was kidnapped by two white men this sparked the civil rights movement and had America invested in this story and people started to see what was wrong with society. -
Montgomery bus boycott
Protest
All of the African Americans protested not to ride any of the buses due to the segregation laws. This was sparked after the arrest of Rosa Parks due to her not giving up her seat to a white man. Protesters gathered and didn't ride the bus but later the segregation law changed because the bus heavily relied on African American citizens. -
Little Rock Nine Crisis
Protesters, Supreme court
On the first day back to school the Governor demanded that the National Guard block off any blacks from getting into the school. This decision was based on the Brown V. Board of Education that led segregation in schools to be unconstitutional. -
Civil Rights Act of 1957
Legislature
Eisenhower signed an act that prohibited interfering with the rights of people to vote. This ended the Jim Crow laws and gave African Americans a sense of citizenship. -
Cooper v. Aaron date
Supreme Court Case
This Supreme Court Case ruled that states couldn't pass laws to avoid desegregating schools. This was to be followed by everyone even officials. -
Greensboro Sit-in
Protest
Four students in Greensboro went to a restaurant and sat where blacks were not allowed. They sat here to protest against segregation. This later ended when the chain changed the policy. -
Freedom Rides
Violence by opposition
The Freedom Rides were of mixed races riding an interstate bus to challenge the law of segregation. Pro-segregation protesters led to violence and attacked these buses. -
Albany Campaign
Protest
Students from the Nonviolent Coordinating Committee including Martin Luther King Jr came together and challenged segregation and working rights. Due to the lack of views this failed. -
Birmingham Movement
Violent by Opposition, No violence protest
Thousands of African Americans came together and marched in downtown Birmingham. The Public safety coordinator demanded that police and fire use force to stop the protests. Many were arrested after being beaten by water hoses. -
Mississippi Freedom Summer
Protest
This was a project in Mississippi that was led by volunteers to get as many African Americans as possible registered to vote. This was made possible by the Civil Rights Act of 1957. -
Swann vs. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools
Supreme Court Case
The Swan Family sued Charlotte Mecklenburg for racial segregation during school. The court held Swann if favor of the win and wanted to speed up the ending of segregation in schools. -
Shirley Chisolm’s Presidential Campaign
Achievement
Shirley is the first African American to run for the Presidency. Her campaign was historic not only for an African American but as a woman. She showed that women and African Americans are capable of more than what laws say they are. -
Hank Aaron’s Home Run Record
Achievement
Hank's home run record was significant to the civil rights movement because it shattered the barriers of racism. Hank was faced with racial comments and threats and his sucessfulness made people fight harder for equality. -
Barbara Jordan’s Address at the Democratic National Convention
Achievement
Barbra was the first African American to give a speech at the convention. Barbra spoke about unity and equality. This was significant because she spoke out on the importance of the Constitution. -
University of California Regents vs. Bakke date
Supreme Court Case
This court case revolved around the action in policies in university admissions. After being denied twice to medical school Davis addressed this. This was seen as unconstitutional. This case helped with race and equality in education.