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Brown v. Board Of Education
After WWII Thurgood Marshall wanted to end segregation in public schools. In 1954, many cases of segregation were brought together into one ruling. One of these cases was Linda Brown, a girl who was turned away from a school, due to the color of her skin. They told her she had to attend an all black school on the other side of town. The court decided that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional. This is important because it took a step forward in ending segregation. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Rosa Parks did not give up her seat for a white man. On the day of court, African Americans made the Montgomery Improvement Association.They made Martin Luther King Jr. their leader.They had a meeting on this date. King thought that the only way to end segregation was to be nonviolent. He said that the opinions of the public would cause the gov. to end segregation. The Supreme Court said bus segregation was unconstitutional. This was useful because it was another step towards ending segregation. -
Little Rock 9 and the Desegregation of Schools
9 African American students were sent to a white high school. This caused Faubus to provide an army in the front of the school. This would prevent the Black students from entering the building. Many white people hated their entry. Eisenhower did not like this army, and wanted them to leave. This did not stop Faubus, and the mob hurt reporters, and broke many windows. Eisenhower was done with this and sent a army to help.This was important because it increased the integration numbers in schools. -
The Sit-In Movement
Joseph McNeil, Ezell Blair, Jr., David Richmond, and Franklin McCain wanted to get the same treatment as white people. They decided they would sit by the counter until they got that treatment. McNeil stated “I just felt I had powers within me" and shows how useful this made him feel. Soon more people joined these sit-ins. This was a big step because it showed that people were standing up for themselves and others. This is a video about sit-in folks: https://youtu.be/mT7xgLIYhaI -
Freedom Riders
The Freedom Riders were teams of African Americans and White Volunteers. Their goal was to travel to the South and draw attention to the refusal of bus integration. When the first Freedom Riders boarded the bus, a white mob charged them, but no one was killed. People also abused the actual body. This was an important event because we could have lost many people that day, but we didn't and that left us looking strong. This video shows the thought process: https://youtu.be/J8WnT6v_W3o -
James Meredith and the Desegregation of Southern Universities
James Meredith was an African American Veteran who wanted to transfer to the University of Mississippi. Meredith was being denied his transfer, which infuriated Kennedy. JFK sent 500 federal marshals to the campus. Shortly after, a mob attack occurs. JFK makes the decision to send more troops, to monitor him until his graduation. This was important because people were happy that JFK was trying to help, but they were also upset because he did not try to pass a civil rights law from the event. -
The March on Washington
Martin Luther King Jr. didn't believe that Kennedy was able to push his civil rights bill through Congress, so A. Phillip Randolph came up with a plan to do a March on Washington. On this date, people of all races came together in front of the Lincoln Memorial. Dr. King made a speech about his dreams for the nation. This was an important event in the civil rights movement because it brought different races together. A video of Dr. King's "Address In Washington": https://youtu.be/vP4iY1TtS3s. -
Malcolm X and the Civil Rights Movement
Malcolm X's views on Civil rights were that African Americans should segregate themselves from whites and their communities.He did not believe that violence was the answer.Though he disliked that idea, he did agree with self defense.Sadly Malcolm X was assassinated in 1965.He was killed because he left the Nation of Islam and criticized their organization.He was very important because he encouraged Black People to speak up about their culture, and make them think they could change the world. -
Voter Registration Among Minorities
The civil rights act of 1964 was passed, but the voting rights were still struggling. The SCLC and the SNCC wanted to raise the voter registration. When they tried, they were attacked. Black churches and businesses were bombed.This led to the Selma March, which was for African Americans voting rights. People were calm, but were shown pain. In the Voting Rights Act of 1965, Black people were allowed to register to vote.This was a very big leap, because voting was a very important part of society. -
Urban Problems and the Black Panthers
Black People living in the Urban Areas were trapped in poverty.They had a low employment rate, and were given fewer chances in advancing in their jobs.This meant they had low paying jobs as well. Soon after the Black Panthers were created.The Black Panthers were a group of African Americans who believed a revolution was needed.In this revolution, black people would gain arms, and demand equal rights.The Black Panthers helped in gaining rights in schools, law enforcement, housing, and hospitals.