-
montgomery bus boycott
martin luther king jr was picked to lead the montgomery improvement association. african americans decided to not ride the buses instead they would walk or ride bikes and car pool. It went as high as to go to to the supreme court when rosa parks did not want to go give up her seat to a white woman -
Little rock 9
The school board in little rock arkansas won a court order which made 9 black students to be allowed in to central high. Governor orval faubus wanted to win reelection and began to campaign of white supremacy. Orval sent the national gaurd to surround the school but the district ordered him to remove them so he left them to to a mob of angry whites. -
Little rock 9 pt 2
After the students started attending school the angry whites beat two black reporters and broke windows. President eisenhower sent troops to little rock. He also federalized the Arkansas national gaurd. Troops were surrounding the school by 5:00 am. They had to stay until the end of the school year until officials in little rock continued to resist integration. -
Civil rights act of 1957
The civil rights act was protect blacks right to vote. Eisenhower believed it was his duty to protect their voting rights. Several southern senators tried to stop it but the senate majority leader lyndon johnson made a compromise that allowed the act to pass. Although it was weaker than intended it helped create the civil white division within the dept of justice and the united states of commision on civil rights. -
The sit in movement
Four black students in north carolina agricultural and technical college in greensboro decided to sit at the whites only counter until they received the same service as the white people. News got around town quickly which caused 29 more black students to go and sit at the same counter and participate in just one day. By the end of the week over 300 students joined. Within two months it spread across 54 cities. By 1961 sit ins took place in over 100 cities. -
Sit ins pt 2
Ella baker the executive director of the sclc invited student leaders to a convention at shaw university raleigh north carolina. She wanted them to start a new group instead of joining the naacp or sclc. The students then made the sncc or the student non violent coordinating committee. A sncc organizer named fannie lou hamer helped organize the Mississippi freedom democratic party and challenged the legality of the Mississippi segragrated democratic party. -
Freedom riders
Core leader james farmer asked teams of black and white volunteers to go to to the south and get attention to its refusal to integrate bus terminals. The freedom riders boarded several south bound interstate buses in early may. Angry white mobs attacked them at mostly every stop. In anniston someone threw a fire bomb on the bus. When they arrived in birmingham there were whites with chains and bats. -
Freedom riders pt 2
The riders were beaten badly by the whites. The head of police in birmingham public safety commissioner theophilus eugene connor said there was no police at the bus station because it was mothers day but he payed kkk members to attack the riders. -
James meredith and desegregation of the university of Mississippi
James meridith wanted to go to the university of Mississippi but the school was still segregated. When he went to register the governor ross barnett was preventing it. President kennedy sent 500 federal marshals to escort him and their was a riot from a white mob. Meredith went to school still under protection and graduated in August. -
Protest in birmingham
Martin luther king jr wanted to protest in birmingham hoping to get a violent response. He was arrested 8 days after the protest had begun. The protest grew bigger when he was released. Connors sent police and ordered them to use clubs, dogs, and water hoses. This made kennedy make a new civil rights bill.