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White Primary abolished in GA
White Primary was abolished when the Supreme Court ruled that it was unconstitutional. This soon allowed the black the right to vote, yet Democrats didn't like this. So, they tried to make thier primary's a private club, but Gov. Ellis Arnel wouldn't allow it. Sooner or later, white primary slowly decreased into exsitstance.
PIC: jasonrenshaw.typepad.com
INFO: http://ss8h11.wordpress.com/ss8h11-section-a/the-end-of-white-primary/ -
Period: to
Civil Rights Movement
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Integration of Armed Forces
• In January of 1948, President Truman decides to wipe out all segregation in the armed forces. This mixed colored and white people together. He sends out a letter to the Congress stating he had instructed the main control of the defense unit to rapidly decrease segregation. Many disagreed, yet Truman made his way through to eliminating segregation to the armed forces.
PIC&INFO: http://www.trumanlibrary.org/whistlestop/study_collections/desegregatio
PIC: trumanylibrary.org
INFO: http:/tw0.us/Wi -
Brown vs Board of Education
This case was when the Supreme Court ruled that sepreate schools were unconstitutional. This statement overturned the Plessy vs Ferguson statement. The name of the plantff in thiis case was Oliver L. Brown. When the ruling was passed, it not only combined seperated schools, but also gave blacks the same protection as whites.
PIC: umfmarcy.wikispaces.com
INFO:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_v._Board_of_Education -
Rosa Parks and the Montegomery Bus Boycott
One afternoon in 1955, an elderly black woman by the name of Rosa Parks boarded the Montgomery Bus. When she boarded, she decided to sit in the white section which was strictly prohibited. When a white man wanted to take her seatr, she didn't budge. She was then arrested. This triggered protests throughpout the country and gave whites a new view on African-Americans.
PIC:sunnynash.blogspot.com
INFO: http://www.rosaparks.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=118&Itemid=60 -
Change to GA's State Flag
The change to the state flag was influenced by John Bell, Jefferson Davis, and Willis Harden. It was a way to bring back the Confederate flag. Some liked the idea because it would bring back the memory of the Civil War, but others thought it symbolised integration.
PIC&INFO: http://sos.georgia.gov/archives/museum/html/georgia_state_flag_since_1956.htm -
Crisis at Central High School and the "Little Rock Nine"
• The little rock nine were a group of African-American high school students. They attended Little Rock Central High School. The group were not allowed in the segregated school by rule of Govenor Orval Faubus, the governor of Arkansas. On their first day of school, National Guards led them away from the school. Mobs of men also threatened lynch. Soon enough, the law of segregated schools were uplifted.
PIC&INFO: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Rock_Nine -
Hebrew Benevolent Congregation in ATL Bombed
• In 1958, sticks of dynamite blasted entry ways to the Hebrew Benevolent Congragtion, otherwise known as “ The Temple”. The Temple was a Jewish church, although Rabbi David Marx tried keeping a relationship with the Christians. Although Marx’s friend Jacob Rothschild kept a friendship, he still critiqued many segregation decisions, and this aroused some people in the area which made the synagogue a target.
PIC: georgiaencyclopedia.org
INFO: https://forsyth.angellearning.com/section/content/defa -
Sibley Commission
• In 1960, the government was given the decision to close schools, or to desegregate them. The governor sent out members of the committee to take a poll on what students thought about integrating schools. The group was called the Sibley Commission. The poll showed that 2 out of every 3 students would rather have the schools closed than integrated. The Commission fought for integration of education, but also recommended that the school systems decide for themselves.
PIC&INFO: georgiaencyclopedi -
Integration of UGA
Judge Bootle allowed two colored students, Hamilton Holmes and Charlayne Hunter into UGA. This eneded 160 years of segregation in the university. Soon, legislatures started requiring cut-offs to anyone who admitted a black student into a college. This also regarded in students worrying that campus may close.Until a riot broke out in Hunter’s dorm. Soon,officials repealed the laws against integrated schools.
PIC: m4hand04.myweb.uga.
INFO: http://crdl.usg.edu/events/uga_integration/?Welcome -
Freedom Rides
this was when colored students would take go to different transportation stations to test out the new segregation laws. Some of the transportation units were bus and railway stations. They would protest against their segregation. Almost like Rosa Parks. This would sometimes result in mob attacks or arrests.
PIC: pbs.org
INFO: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_riders -
Albany Movement
This event happened in Albany where more than 1,000 African-Americans were jailed. This was the first mass movement with the goal of desegregating an entire community! Many blacks marched and protested for freedom. Among these people were Martin L. King. Unfortunately, Many blacks and King himself were arrested in one week. When released, King left admitting that the protest was a failure.
PIC: georgiaencyclopedia.org
INFO: http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-1057 -
Birmingham, AL Protests
The protests in Birmingham, also known as the Birmingham Campaign, was to used to signify the unfairness to blacks. It was organized by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. In the 60’s, Birmingham was one of the most racially segregated areas of Alabama. During the protests, many of the nonviolent blacks, were tormented by bystanders and police men.
PIC: findingdulcinea.com
INFO: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birmingham_campaign -
March on Washington DC
This march was one of the largest political rallies for colored rights. This was the time when Martin L. King Jr. delivered his all time famous, “ I Have A Dream” speech. The rally was organized by a group of civil rights, labor, religious organizations. They protested for jobs and freedom. There were 200,000 police and 300,000 leaders. The march is credited for helping pass the Civil Rights Act and the Voting
Rights Act.
PIC: publicdomainclip-art.blogspot.com
INFO: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki -
16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham Bombed
On a Sunday morning in 1963, a bomb was placed at the basement of a church, designed to maim blacks, in protest of the integration of public schools. It exploded, and killed 4 little black girls. Disturbed blacks rioted which led to murder and violence given by the police authorities. The bombing, in fact, brought together Civil Rights leaders in the area.
PIC: fbi.gov
INFO: http://www.useekufind.com/peace/summary.htm -
JFK Assassinated
At 12:30pm Friday November 2nd, the 35th president of America was fatally shot. He and his wife Jaqueline, along with other members of Congress, were traveling in a motorcade when he was shot. It is said that the killer was Lee Harvey Oswald, and that he killed JFK out of conspiracy.
PIC: assassinationscience.com
INFO: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_John_F._Kennedy -
Civil Rights Act is Passed
When the Act was passed, this elimainated all segrecation and discrimination form colored people. No more integrated schools, resturants, water fountains, or bathrooms! When it was first proclaimed, the power behind it was very weak, yet in years to come, it became stronger, and blacks and whites finally had equal rights.The act was signed by Lyndon B. Johnson.
PIC: mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu
INFO: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Rights_Act_of_1964 -
Voting Rights Act is Passed
This Act was also signed by Lyndon B. Johnson, the same president who signed the Civil Rights Act in 1964. This act allowed blacks to vote along with whites. Much later on, the act was renewd by George W. Bush in 2006.
PIC: dipity.com
INFO: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voting_Rights_Act -
Summerhill Race Riot
At Summerhill in ATL, there was a four day riot led by SNCC and leader Stokely Carmichael. It happened because the group was accused of inciding. During the riot there was one death and twenty injuries. It also uncovered some lurking frustration in the lower-income black communities. Mayor Ivan Allen Jr. even went to the hill and tried to restore order.
PIC: album.atlantahistorycenter.com
INFO: https://forsyth.angellearning.com/section/content/default.asp?WCI=pgDisplay&WCU=CRSCNT&ENTRY_ID=45410F -
MKL Assassinated
On April 4, 1968, the famous nonviolent leader of civil rights, was fatally shot in Lorianne Motel in Memphis. He was killed by James Earl Ray, the day after he gave his "I Have A Dream" speech. When ATL heard about this, they did not riot, and they did not plan revrenge. They took MLK's beilfs, and used them to push away their anger. Although, many other places did not take.
PIC: eurweb.com
INFO: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assassination_of_Martin_Luther_King,_Jr.
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All GA Schools Integrated
In 1971, the Supreme Court ruled unanimously that in order to achieve desegregation, they would have to transport colored students to different schools. When schools became integrated, families would move to cities or suburbs to rid themselves of integrated school systems. So as you can see, many people did not take this well. This all started when we got sued because most of our schools were not fully integrated.
PIC: nytimes.com
INFO:http://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/nge/Article.jsp?id=h-2716
