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Plessy v. Ferguson
This 1896 U.S. Supreme Court case supported the constitutionality of segregation under the “separate but equal” doctrine. It started from an 1892 incident in which African-American train passenger Homer Plessy refused to sit in a Jim Crow car, breaking a Louisiana law. Source -
Congress of Racial Equality
Founded in 1942, the Congress of Racial Equality is a U.S. civil rights organization that played a an important role for African Americans in the Civil Rights Movement.
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Jackie Robinson World Series
In 1947, Jackie Robinson's career being in the Brookyln Dodgers, he led them to six National League titles and a victory in the world series.
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Sweatt v. Painter Case
Sweatt v. Painter was a U.S. Supreme Court case that successfully changed the "separate but equal" doctrine of racial segregation made by the 1896 case Plessy v. Ferguson.
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Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education in 1954 was one of the most notable United States Supreme Court case in which the Court were with state laws making separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional.
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Montegomery Bus Boycott
Martin Luther King Jr. organized the Montgomery bus boycott of 1955, which began a trend of similar boycotts throughout the South. In 1956, the Supreme Court voted to end segregated busing.
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The Southern Manifesto
The Southern Manifesto was a document written in February and March 1956, in the United States Congress, it was against racial integration of public places. Source -
Little Rock - Central High School
In an important even of Civil Rights history, was the incident of 9 African Americans being enrolled at all white school Little Rock Central High School. The government declared segregation in public schools unconstitutional in 1954.
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Jackie Robinson NAACP
In 1958, Robinson was elected to the NAACP board of directors, he thought that the NAACP's actions were not as hard hitting on segregation and excluding the south, so he branched out making the Youth March for Integrated Schools. Source -
Greensboro sit in
The Greensboro sit-ins were nonviolent protests in Greensboro, North Carolina, in 1960, which led to the Woolworth department store chain removing its policy of racial segregation in the Southern United States.
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The Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee
They were formed to give younger blacks a voice in the civil rights movement. However it was seen that it became one of the more radical branches, using a tactic of peacful protesting to spread a message.
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Freedom Riders
A group of 13 African-American and white civil rights activists created the Freedom Rides, a series of bus trips through the South to protest segregation in interstate bus terminals.
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James Meredith
James H. Meredith, who in 1962 became the first African American to attend the University of Mississippi, is assassinated shortly after starting a civil rights march through the South. The marches were an attempt to encourage voter registration by African Americans in the South.
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24th Amendment
Prohibits both Congress and the states from voting in federal elections on payment of a poll tax or other types of tax.
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Letter from birmingham jail
Martin Luther King Jr. wrote this letter from jail in response to eight white clergymen who did not approve of his nonviolent protests against racial inequality. He has been arrested and is writing to them from jail about why he did what he did and why he wants them to care.
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Medgar Evers
SourceHe was assassinated in 1963, born in Mississippi, he served in World War II before going to work for the NAACP. -
March on Washington
Organized by a number of civil rights and religious groups, the event was made to spread the message on the political and social issues African Americans continued to face across the country.
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Bombing of Birmingham church
A bomb exploded at the 16th Street Baptist Church as church members prepared for Sunday services. The racially motivated attack killed four young girls and shocked the nation.
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Mississipi freedom summer
Civil rights organizations made a voter registration drive, known as the Mississippi Summer Project, or Freedom Summer, tried to dramatically increase voter registration in Mississippi.
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Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964, which ended segregation in public places and banned employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin, is considered one of the crowning legislative achievements of the civil rights movement.
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Selma to Montegomery March
Martin Luther King Jr.’s SCLC made Selma, Alabama, prioritize its efforts to register black voters in the South.
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Malcolm X Assassinated
Malcolm X, an African American, is assassinated by rival Black Muslims while giving a speech to his Organization of Afro-American Unity at the Audubon Ballroom in Washington Heights.
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Voting rights act Approved
It was aimed to bypass legal obstacles at the state and local levels that prevented African Americans from having right to vote under the 15th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States.
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Black Panthers
Huey Newton and Bobby Seale founded the Black Panther Party for self defense. They practiced military style combat for self defense against the government.
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Martin Luther King Jr. Assassination
Martin Luther King was murderd in Memphis, Tennesee where he was planning to give a speech about sanitation workers.
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