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Brown Vs. Board of Education
It was a Supreme Court case to end segregation.
9-0 decision or unanimous, for equal protection under the 14th amendment.
After the decision, violence and riots broke out, with some schools closing. -
Emmet Till
14 year old boy from Chicago, visiting family in Mississippi.
Accused of whistling at a white woman.
Roy Bryant and JW Milan kidnap, bent, shot, killed and then threw Emmet’s body in the river.
Maime Till, Emmet’s mother had an open casket funeral. -
Rosa Parks and bus boycott
Rosa Parks refused to move seats
and she is arrested.
She refused to sit in the back.
Rosa Parks refused to switch seats with a white person. -
Bus Boycott
It lasts 38 days.
Martin Luther King emerges as the leader of the bus boycott.
Very successful because 75% of riders are black. -
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
-Started after the bus boycott to organise protest.
- Martin Luther king was elected President.
- Organized protest around the south to coordinate events. -
Little Rock Nine/Arkansas
-Testing Brown w Board of Education decision.
- 9 students were vetted to undergo this test.
-Airborn 101 escorted students to class. -
Greensboro Sit In
4 college students sat down at a lunch counter at Woolworths to be served. They were refused service continued to “sit in” and others joined. The protest spread to other towns to force change. -
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and Freedom Summer
Youth group of students remained fiercely independent of MLK and
SCLC, generating their own projects and strategies. The two organizations worked side by side throughout the early years of the civil rights movement. This group was the second half of the Freedom riders and were a part of the March to Selma. -
March on Washington
250000 people were in attendance to at the Lincoln Memorial.
MLK was the last to talk, he gave his “I have a dream” speech.
70-80% of marchers were black. -
Civil Right Act of 1964
Can not be refused service.
Forbids employers and labor unions to discriminate.
Prohibits discrimination against race, color, religion, etc. -
March on Selma
600 students march from Selma to Montgomery, Alabama.
They walked 54 miles to get the right to vote.
25000 marched including MLK. -
Voting Rights
One of the most comprehensive pieces of legislation in US History.
Blacks were registering to vote and being elected to public office.