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May 4th Movement
Beginning of protest due to the decision at the Paris Peace Conference, wave of protests spread through China. Helped spread and form the ideas of the Intellectual movement, which soon became known as the May Fourth Movement. -
Period: to
Inter-war
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National Revolution
Beginning of National Revolution, led by the Nationalists Party and Chinese Communists. Nationalist Party- conservative, deep distrust of communists; Communists Party- revolt of peasants, inspired by Russian Rebellion -
Karakhan Manifesto
Karakhan Manifesto, Russian Foreign Policy, promised to give up all rights gained by tsarist Russia at China’s expense and to return the Russian owned Chinese Eastern Railway in Manchuria without compensation. -
Communist-Nationalist Cooperation
Communist-Nationalist Cooperation, after a long debate, congress accepted the Comintern strategy, pressed Communists to join Nationalists. -
May 30th Movement
Sun Yat-sen dies; multi-class, anti-imperialist struggle, May 30th movement begins, shootings spark international censure and nationwide anti-foreign demonstrations and riots. -
Northern Expedition Begins
Northern Expedition Begins, led by General Chiang Kai-shek, unification of China under a national government. Anti-warlord military campaign aided Soviet Arms. -
Mukden Incident
Mukden Incident, Japanese expansion in Manchuria. The Mukden Incident refers to an explosion that destroyed a section of railway tracks near the city of Mukden. Japanese (owned railway) blamed it on Chinese nationalists, giving Japan a reason to retaliate. -
Long March
Long March, a year long, 6,000 mile retreat. Led by Mao and the remnants of the Chinese Communist Party. 80,000 started the march, but only 10,000 remained to assemble in 1935 in Northern China. -
Xi'an Incident
Xi'an Incident- also known the Sian Incident, it was the capture of Nationalist leader Chiang Kai-shek by two of his own generals. Resulted in Chiang’s release and the formation of the second communist-nationalist united front. -
Marco Polo Bridge Incident
Marco Polo Bridge Incident- conflict between Chinese and Japanese troops near the Marco Polo Bridge. Chinese government, facing strong anti-japanese pressure, refused to make any concessions in the negotiation of the dispute.
