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Panic of 1873
Unemployment rateswent up extreamly and the working imigrants became less tolerant. -
Period: to
Migration/imigration
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The Chinese Exclusion Act was approved
It was the first significant law restricting immigration into the United States. The Chinese Exclusion Act required the few nonlaborers who sought entry to obtain certification from the Chinese government that they were qualified to immigrate -
exclusion act expired
Congress extended it for 10 years in the form of the Geary Act. -
Ellis Island opened
Upon arrival, many European immigrants caught their first glimpse of the Statue of Liberty, a symbol of hope for many -
Immigration Restriction League
Immigrants endured additional discrimination as new organizations took up the anti-immigration cause. Founded in 1894 by wealthy Bostonians, the Immigration Restriction League sought to impose a literacy test on all immigrants. -
Geary Act Extension made permanent
Added restrictions by requiring each Chinese resident to register and obtain a certificate of residence. Without a certificate, she or he faced deportation. -
Americanization Day
Groups focused on Americanization efforts to prepare for foreign-born residents for full U.S. citizenship. Education was the main goal. After states passed Americanization measures more than 150 citys celebrated. -
Espinage Act Passed
This measure outlawed acts of treason and made it a crime to "utter, print, write, publish and disloyal... or abusive language" criticizing the government, the flag, or the military. -
East St. Louis Riot
White rioters rampaged through African America neighborhoods leaving 39 dead. Many African Americansstarted asking themselves why they should fight for freedom in Europe when they got so little at home. -
Congress adds new means for regulation
With increased postwar immigration, Congress adopted new means for regulation: quotas and requirements pertaining to national origin With increased postwar immigration, Congress adopted new means for regulation: quotas and requirements pertaining to national origin -
Congress repealed all the exclusion acts
leaving a yearly limit of 105 Chinese and gave foreign-born Chinese the right to seek naturalization