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First Opium War
The British victories over China marked the start of foreign imperialism's invasion and the establishment of the Treaty System. -
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Manchurian Qing Dynasty (since 1636)
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Taiping Rebellion
A peasant-led rebellion which caused the greatest casualty in the Chinese history. During the rebellion, the Han Chinese officials started to gain substantial political and economic power, and their private armies were the predecessors of major warlords in the early 20th Century. -
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Second Opium War
China was forced to open more ports and gave more economic and political privileges to foreign countries. -
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Self-Strengthening
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Sino-French War
China lost its control of Indochina (today's Vietnam, Burma and Cambodia). -
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Sino-Japanese War (Jiawu War)
China lost its control over Korea; Taiwan became the colony of Japan -
Hundred Day's Reform
The Hundred Days' Reform was a failed 103-day national, cultural, political, and educational reform movement. -
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Box Rebellion and Foreign Intervention of Eight Countries
The Boxer Rebellion, Boxer Uprising or Yihetuan Movement was a violent anti-foreign, anti-colonial, and anti-Christian uprising. It led to foreign intervention by eight countries. -
Founding of the Republic of China
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The Beiyang Government and the Warlord Era
Different warlords fought for lands and the control of government. The government in Beijing was charged by the Beiyang (Northern) warlords for most of the time. -
Revolution of 1911 (the Xinhai Revolution)
the collapse of Qing Dynasty -
May-Fourth Movement
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Birth of the Communist Party of China
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North Expedition
Led by Chiang Kai-shek and carried out by the Nationalist Revolutionary Army, the Nationalist government regained control of the most part of China, ending the rule of warlords. -
Great Purge of 1927
Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalist Party (KMT) started to suppress the CCP. -
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Civil War (1927-1936)
In response of the Purge, the CCP started military uprising and established its armies, occupied and established several Soviet regimes in Southern China. After a decisive military defeat, the CCP and the Red Army conducted the Long March in 1934, moving its personnel and base to Yan'an, the Northwestern part of China. -
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Chiang Kai-shek's Rule
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Japan's Invasion of Manchuria
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The Long March
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Xi'an Incident
The Xi'an Incident of 1936 was a political crisis that took place in Xi'an, China prior to the Second Sino-Japanese War. The crisis unfolded when Chiang Kai-shek was detained by his subordinates Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng with the purpose of forcing changes in policies toward Japan and CCP in the ruling Nationalist Party (KMT). -
Period: to
Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945)
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Period: to
Civil War (1946-1949)
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Founding of the People's Republic of China
The Nationalist Party government lost the war and treated to Taiwan.
