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410 BCE
The Greeks develop the three classical styles of column, the Doric, the Ionic and the Corinthian
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404 BCE
Athens' walls fall at the hands of Sparta in the Peloponnesian war
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400 BCE
Hippocrates forms his school of medicine
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400 BCE
Democritus forms the concept of the atom
Democritus' discovery acknowledged the existence of atoms and the idea that something like an atom could even be possible. -
399 BCE
Socrates is sentenced to death by hemlock
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398 BCE
The stone-hurling catapult is invented by the Greeks
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393 BCE
The Olympic games are brought to an abrupt end by emperor Theodosius
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390 BCE
Celtic tribes reach and destroy Rome
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Beethoven makes his first public appearance in Vienna as a pianist
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Napoleon defeats the Austrians at Marengo
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John Adams moves into the newly finished white house
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Act of union comes into effect, abolishing Ireland's parliament and joining them with the UK
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Louisiana purchase is signed
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John Dalton claims: all matter is comprised of indivisible and indestructible atoms with distinct masses and properties
Dalton’s discovery essentially laid the groundwork for modern chemistry. -
Napoleon establishes the Code Napoleon
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Slave Trade Act; Legislation abolishing slave trade is passed in Britain
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Michael Faraday discovers that atoms have an electrical component
Faraday’s discovery helped shape the way we thought about electricity and magnetism, as well as how we think about atoms themselves. -
Eugen Goldstein discovers the proton, as well as canal rays
Goldstein’s discovery of canal rays, which are made up of protons, played a crucial role in understanding the atomic structure and aided the future of understanding subatomic particles. -
Lenin's brother is executed for his part in the plan to assassinate the Tsar
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Adolf Fick designs a prototype for contacts
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Oscar Wilde publishes his novel The Picture of Dorian Gray
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Theodor Herzl publishes The Jewish State, calling for a national homeland for all Jews
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William McKinley is inaugurated as US president
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First Zionist Congress is held in Basel with Theodor Herzl in chair
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JJ Thomson's "Plum Pudding" model
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J.J. Thomson discovers that all atoms contain tiny, negatively charged subatomic particles or electrons
Thomson’s discovery essentially disproved Dalton’s theory about the atom, and was able to push chemistry further because of it. -
Marie and Pierre Curie discover the element radium
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The Wizard of Oz opens for the first time on Broadway
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Sigmund Freud publishes The Psychopathology of Everyday Life
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Albert Einstein relates mass and energy in the equation e=mc2
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Robert Millikan discovers the existence of the electron and accurately determined its charge
Millikan’s discovery about atom charges also later allowed him to determine their mass, which was a huge step in figuring out how atoms relate to fundamental physics concepts. -
Ernest Rutherford "Jimmy Neutron" model
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The lost Inca city of Machu Picchu is reached by US archaeologist Hiram Bingham
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Ernest Rutherford "nuclear" model
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Ernest Rutherford concludes the atom is mostly empty space, with nearly all of its mass concentrated in the nucleus
Rutherford’s discovery expanded our knowledge of the atom, and inspired new areas of physics and chemistry, including quantum physics. -
Titanic sets out to sea and sinks after crashing into an iceberg
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Niels Bohr proposes a model of the atom in which the electron was able to occupy only certain orbits around the nucleus
Prior to Bohr’s discovery, people thought that particles simply crashed into the nucleus, and this realization disproved that idea. -
Russia, Britain, and France declare war on the Ottoman Empire
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Claude Monet begins his great cyclorama of Water Lilies, one of his most famous works
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Finland declares freedom from Russia and becomes a republic
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Red sox sell Babe Ruth, their star player, to the Yankees for $125,000
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Nineteenth Amendment in the constitution guarantees women the right to vote
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Adolf Hitler becomes the leader of the Nazi party
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Werner Heisenberg, Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle: determines that a particle’s position and momentum cannot ever be known exactly
Werner’s discovery allowed for a large advancement in how we perceive the behavior of subatomic particles; concluding that, at a quantum level, determinism did not govern. -
Erwin Schrödinger formulates a wave equation that accurately calculated the energy levels of electrons in atoms
Schrödinger's discovery revolutionized our thinking about how subatomic particles behave, and his new model portrays that new behavior. -
Franz Kafka’s The Castle is published
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Walt Disney’s Mickey Mouse makes his first appearance in Steamboat Willie
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Ernest Hemingway publishes A Farewell to Arms
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The Star-Spangled Banner is made the official US national anthem
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James Chadwick electron cloud model
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Benito Mussolini hosts Hitler, the latest dictator, in Venice
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James Chadwick discovers the existence of neutrons
Chadwick’s discovery about the atom was pivotal to the discovery of nuclear fission, and ultimately led to the development of the atomic bomb. His model was the first to present a third subatomic particle, the neutron. -
US seismologist, Charles Richter, devises a scale for measuring the magnitude of earthquakes; the Richter scale.
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6-year-old Shirley Temple wins instant fame after starring in the film Stand up and Cheer!
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Margaret Mitchell publishes Gone With the Wind, probably one of the most best-selling novels of all time
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Ameliah Earhart takes her flight around the world and vanishes four weeks in
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With the invasion of Poland by Germany, World War II begins
