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Events from 1860-1867
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Jefferson Davis defends slavery and says that the government can't prohibit it
Mississippi Senator Jefferson Davis presents resolutions to the Senate to affirm that the Federal government cannot only prohibit slavery in the territories, but must actually protect slaveholders there. Although he does not expect Senate approval, he intends to unite the Democrat members for the upcoming Democratic party convention and presidential election against Stephen Douglas and his program of popular sovereignty. -
Abraham Lincoln makes speech at Cooper Union in New York CIty.
Lincoln lectured at Henry Ward Beechers church in Brooklyn, New York. HIs speech derived from views of the 39 signers of the Constitution, and noted 21 of them. He attracted a crowd of about 1,500 curious New Yorkers. Lincoln gained a great amount of political support because of his speech. -
The Rebuplican Convention begins in Chicago.
Abraham Licoln was selected as a candidate for the presidental election by the Republican party at the Republic National Convention of 1860. They knew that the Republican candidate was very likely to win the election. -
Abraham Lincoln is nonminated as president
Two days after Abraham Lincoln was selected as a candidate, the Republican party nominated him as president. -
Telegraph established inbetween LA and SF opens
The invention of the telegraph greatly increased trade betweem states, added wealth to the country. Information was traveling quicker than anytime before. Political and trade news helped the country a great deal. In October of 1860, a telegraph was intorduced between LA and SF. -
Abraham Lincoln Selected as 16 President
Abraham Lincoln was selected as 16th president over a deeply dividked Democratic party, becoming the first Republican to become president. Lincoln recieved only 40% of the popular vote but handily defeated the other three condidates. -
Senetors start analyzing the idea of a Southern Confederacy
Seven senators and 23 representatives from the southern states issue a manifesto urging secession and the organization of a Southern Confederacy -
South Caroline Seceding From the Union
The Southern states started receding from the Union very shortly after Lincoln became president. South Carolina acted first, calling for a conversation to leave the Union. -
Major Anderson assembles soldiers at Ft.Sumter
Union general, Major Anderson brought a group of soliders together at Ft. Sumter. They surrendered the fort and were captured the next day. -
Harriet Tubman arrived at her final mission to free slaves.
Harriet Tubman is one of the msot well known abolitionists. She took slaves to freedom through the underground railroad for 8 years. Her last mission took place in Auburn, NY. -
President Lincoln shares his opinion on slavery
Elected president declares slavery in the Confederate States unlawful. This caused a great amount of anger in the Southern States and urged them even more to leave the Union. -
Florida Troops take Fort Marian
Florida troops take over Fort Marion at St.Augustine. Confederates mantained the water boundry for about a year. -
Mississippi secedes from the Union
Mississippi is the second southern state to sucede from the union, causing an even greater chain reaction of receding Southern states. -
Fort Jackson & Fort Philip are taken over by LA state troops
Fort Jackson & Fort Philip are taken over by LA state troops. Positioned on the Mississippi River, they were attacked by a navy fleet. -
Other states leave the southern states
Florida was the third state to leave the union. Alabama, Georgia, Lousianna, Texas, Arkansas, North Carolina, and Tennessee followed. -
Jefferson Davsis elected president of the Confederate States of America
Jefferson Davis was elected the first and last president of the Confederaate States of America. Also, the Confederate Constitutional Convention met for the first time. -
Louisana Representatives Withdrawl
Three out of the four representatives to the U.S. Congress leave their seats. Now only the republican Bouligny remains. -
Confederate States organized in Montgomery, Alabama.
The Confederate States of America selected Montomery, Alabama as their capitol, which would be where they meet regularly. The capital of the Union was Washington D.C. -
Tennessee Votes Against Sucession
Tennessee votes against sucession. Sucession is the withdrawl of Southern States from the Union. -
Jefferson Davis & Alexander Stephens elected president & VP of the Confederate States of America
Jefferson Davis was selecte as president of the Confederate States and Alexander Stephens was selected as the Vice President. The Confederate States did not last long enough for another presidency. -
Civil War Begins
The Civil War began when the Confederates attacked the Union soldiers at Fort Sumter, South Carolina. The first battle was Bull Run. -
54 Massachusetts Regiment
Massachusetts Governor receives permission from Secretary of War to raise a militia organization for men of African descent (54th Massachusetts Regiment) -
Lincoln issues General War Order #1, calling for a Union offensive, General George McClellan ignores order
Lincoln issued the General War Order #1, which called for a Union offensive. General George McClellan ended up ignoring the orders. -
General Ulysses S. Grant captures Fort Henry in Tennessee
Union General, Ulysses S. Grant captures Fort Donelson in Tennesse. It was the first major significant Union victory of the civil war. -
Ulysses S. Grant begins military campaign in Mississippi
Ulysses S. Grant begins military campaign in Mississippi. Defeated opposing side official John C. Pemberton. -
Grant's major assault on Ft Donelson, Tenness
Grant's major assault on Ft Donelson, Tenness. The Union capture of the Confederate fort near the Tennessee–Kentucky border opened the Cumberland River, an important avenue for the invasion of the South. The Union's success also elevated Brig. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant from an obscure and largely unproven leader to the rank of major general, and earned him the nickname of "Unconditional Surrender" Grant. -
Ft Donelson captured by General Ulysses S. Grant (1,400 confederates surrender)
Ft Donelson captured by General Ulysses S. Grant (1,400 confederates surrender). Major victory for the union. -
Confederate Constitution & presidency are declared permanent
Confederate Constitution & presidency are declared permanent. This furthermore separated the Union and the Confederate States -
Union forces under General Pope lay siege to New Madrid, Missouri
Union forces under General Pope lay siege to New Madrid, Missouri. Brigadier General John Pope, commander of the Union Army of the Mississippi, left from Commerce, Missouri, to attack New Madrid, on February 28, 1862. His force of men marched overland through swamps, lugging supplies and artillery, reaching the outskirts of New Madrid on March 3, and laid siege to the city. -
Civil War action at Island #10 on Mississippi River
Civil War action at Island #10 on Mississippi River Brig. Gen. William W. Mackall, who replaced McCown, surrendered Island No. 10 on April 8. The Mississippi was now open down to Fort Pillow, Tennessee. -
Battle of Yorktown Begins
Battle of Yorktown Begins. On 16 April, Union forces probed a weakness in the Confederate line at Lee’s Mill or Dam No. 1, resulting in about 309 casualties. Failure to exploit the initial success of this attack, however, held up McClellan for two additional weeks, while he tried to convince his navy to maneuver the Confederates’ big guns at Yorktown and Gloucester Point and ascend the York River to West Point thus outflanking the Warwick Line. -
Day 7 of 7 Days-Battle of Malvern Hill (Poindexter's Farm) Union forces repel Confederate attack
Day 7 of 7 Days-Battle of Malvern Hill (Poindexter's Farm) Union forces repel Confederate attack. At the Battle of Malvern Hill (July 1, 1862) during the American Civil War, the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia under the command of General Robert E. Lee and the Union Army of the Potomac under General George B. McClellan clashed near Richmond, Virginia, the Confederate capital. Also known as the Battle of Poindexter's Farm, it involved over fifty thousand soldiers from each side, hundreds o -
Emancipation Proclamation
Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamatioin which frees all alaves in the Confederate States. -
Second Battle of Sprngfeild
The Battle of Springfield occurred during the raid, or expedition, of Confederate acting Brig. Gen. John S. Marmaduke into Missouri. This raid began on December 31, 1862, and ended on January 25, 1863. The Battle of Springfield commenced at 10:00 a.m. on the morning of January 8, and continued until darkness brought a halt to the fighting. Despite several charges, Gen. Marmaduke's forces were unable to reduce Brig. Gen. Egbert Benson Brown's makeshift but determined force of defenders. The follo -
President Davis delivers his "State of Confederacy" address
President Jefferson Davis delivers the "State of Confederacy" address. -
Blacks enter the army
1st black Civil War regiment, SC Volunteers, mustered into US army. Slaves were promised freedom and land after they served in the war. -
Confederate Ship becomes wrecked
The SS Georgiana, said to have been the most powerful Confederate cruiser, is destroyed on her maiden voyage with a cargo of munitions, medicines and merchandise then valued at over $1,000,000. The wreck was discovered on the same day and month, exactly 102 years later by then teenage diver and pioneer underwater archaeologist E. Lee Spence. -
President Davis calls for a day of fasting and prayer
American Confederate President Jefferson Davis calls for this to be a day of fasting & prayer. No one knew for how long the war would go on for -
Sherman beaten by Confederate Soldiers
General Sherman beaten by Confederate forces; part of a Vicksburg Campaign -
Confederate congress passed resolution to kill black soldiers
Confederate congress passed resolution to kill black soldiers. Over some time, blacks made up a high percentage of soldiers. -
General Ulysses S. Grant begins siege on Vicksburg
General Ulysses S. Grant begins siege on Vicksburg. Battle of Vicksburgwas the final major military action in the Vicksburg Campaign of the American Civil War. In a series of maneuvers, Union Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and his Army of the Tennessee crossed the Mississippi River and drove the Confederate Army of Vicksburg led by Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton into the defensive lines surrounding the fortress city of Vicksburg, Mississippi. -
General Lee's army withdraws from Gettysburg
General Lee's army withdraws from Gettysburg. The battle involved the largest number of casualties of the entire war and is often described as the war's turning point. Union Maj. Gen. George Meade's Army of the Potomac defeated attacks by Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia, ending Lee's attempt to invade the North. -
General Sherman begins his march to the South
General Sherman begins his march to the South. Union General William T. Sherman led some 60,000 soldiers on a 285-mile march from Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia. The purpose of this “March to the Sea” was to frighten Georgia’s civilian population into abandoning the Confederate cause. -
Civil War battle of Olustee, Florida
Civil War battle of Olustee, Florida. A Confederate force under General Joseph Finegan decisively defeats an army commanded by General Truman Seymour. The victory kept the Confederates in control of Florida’s interior for the rest of the war. -
Ulysses S. Grant is appointed commander of Union Army
Ulysses S. Grant is appointed commander of Union Army. Grant be known as one of the most influential leaders of the civil war. -
Mary Edwards Walker captured
Union surgeon Mary Edwards Walker is captured by Confederate troops and arrested as a spy during US Civil War. -
Fort Pillow
Confederate Gen Nathan Bedford Forrest captures Fort Pillow, Tn. The Fort Pillow Massacre in Tennessee on April 12, 1864, in which more than 300 African-American soldiers were killed, was one of the most controversial events of the American Civil War (1861-65). Though most of the Union garrison surrendered, and thus should have been taken as prisoners of war, the soldiers were killed. The Confederate refusal to treat these troops as traditional prisoners of war infuriated the North, and led to t -
powerfull generals face off at Rappahannock RIver
General Ulysses S. Grant's Union Army at Potomac attacks Robert E. Lee's Confederates at Rappahannock River -
Batle of Roanoke Island
Battle between Confederate & Union ships at mouth of Roanoke. The defenders were a group of gunboats from the Confederate States Navy, termed the Mosquito Fleet, under Capt. William F. Lynch, and about 2,000 Confederate soldiers commanded locally by Brig. Gen. Henry A. Wise. The defense was augmented by four forts facing on the water approaches to Roanoke Island, and two outlying batteries. At the time of the battle, Wise was hospitalized, so leadership fell to his second in command, Col. Henry -
Battle of Port Walthall Junction, VA
In conjunction with the opening of Grant’s Overland Campaign, Maj. Gen. Benjamin Butler’s Army of the James, 33,000 strong, disembarked from transports at Bermuda Hundred on May 5, threatening the Richmond-Petersburg Railroad. On May 6, Hagood’s brigade stopped initial Federal probes at Port Walthall Junction. On May 7, a Union division drove Hagood’s and Johnson’s brigades from the depot and cut the railroad at Port Walthall Junction. Confederate defenders retired behind Swift Run Creek and awa -
Battle of Wilderness
Battle of Wilderness-Confederate General longstreet seriously injured -
Battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse, Virginia
Following the Battle of the Wilderness, Grant marched the Union army south with the hope of capturing Spotsylvania Court House. Lee's Confederates, however, managed to get ahead of the Federals and block the road. For the next two weeks, the two armies slugged it out in some of the fiercest fighting of the Civil War. -
Confederate President Jefferson Davis names 3 peace commissioners
r.Confederate President Jefferson Davis and his Vice-President, Alexander Stephens, hadn’t been on the greatest of terms for quite some time now. But this was too large a matter to settle without him. Frances Blair, Sr. had twice been to Richmond in an attempt to find some sort of peace between the two belligerents. Lincoln had agreed to some kind of informal peace conferences, but each sides wanted something different, something quite opposite, from this coming peace. -
Congress passes 13th Amendment
Congress passes 13th Amendment, abolishing slavery in America. The amendment was a big step towards tolerance to blacks.m -
Lee names Commander-in-Chief
Gen Robert E. Lee named Commander-in-Chief of Confederate Armies during US Civil War. -
Civil War skirmish near Sturgeon, Missouri
After arriving in Sturgeon on December 26, Prentiss learned of a band of Rebels near Hallsville. He sent a company to Hallsville the next day that fought a Confederate force under the command of Col. Caleb Dorsey and suffered numerous casualties, including many taken prisoner, before retreating to Sturgeon. On the 28th, Prentiss set out with his entire force to meet Dorsey’s Rebels. He routed one company of Confederates on the road from Hallsville to Mount Zion and learned that the rest of the f -
Confederate Defeat at Waynesboro
Conferate General Early's army is defeated at the battle of Waynesboro VA. at the Battle of Waynesboro, Virginia, Union General George Custer’s troops rout Confederate General Jubal Early’s force, bringing an end to fighting in the Shenandoah Valley. -
Lincoln Second Term
Abraham Lincoln inaugurated for his 2nd term as US president -
Confederate President Jefferson Davis signs bill authorizing use of slaves as soldiers
Confederate President Jefferson Davis signs bill authorizing use of slaves as soldiers. This allowed the COnfederates to gain a large amount of soldiers. -
Davis flees capital
Confederate President Jefferson Davis flees Confederate capital of Richmond, VA. -
Confederates surrender at Appomattox Court
Confederate General Robert E. Lee and 26,765 troops surrender at Appomattox Court House to US Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant -
Davis Captured by troops
Confederate President Jefferson Davis captured by Union troops at Irwinsville Georgi -
Texas repeals the actions of the Secessionist Convention
Texas repeals the actions of the Secessionist Convention. Sectionalism is loyalty to the interests of one's own region or section of the country, rather than to the country as a whole. It is often a precursor to separatism. -
President Johnson vetos the Civil Rights Act of 1866 on the grounds that it was unconstitutional
President Johnson vetos the Civil Rights Act of 1866 on the grounds that it was unconstitutional. The act was a federal law that authorized federal action against segregation in public accommodations, public facilities, and employment. -
Civil Rights bill vetoed
President Johnson vetoes civil rights bill; it later becomes 14th amendment. -
United States declares peace with Southern States
The United States declares that a state of peace exists with Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Louisiana, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia -
Johnson ends Civil War in multiple states
President Johnson ends the Civil War in Alabama, Arkansas, Florida Georgia, Mississippi, Louisianna, North and South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia -
14th Amendement
US House of representatives passes 14th Amendment which gave blacks citizenship. -
David Faragut appointed as 1st admiral in US Navy
David Faragut appointed as 1st admiral in US Navy. David Glasgow Farragut was a flag officer of the United States Navy during the American Civil War. He was the first rear admiral, vice admiral, and admiral in the United States Navy. -
Ulysses S. Grant named 1st general of Army
Ulysses S. Grant named 1st general of Army. Ulysses S. Grant was the 18th President of the United States. As Commanding General, Grant worked closely with President Abraham Lincoln to lead the Union Army to victory over the Confederacy in the American Civil War -
President Andrew Johnson formally declares US Civil War over
President Andrew Johnson formally declares US Civil War over. President Andrew Johnson, of North Carolina, offered up Proclamation 157 – “Declaring that Peace, Order, Tranquillity [sic], and Civil Authority Now Exists in and Throughout the Whole of the United States of America” – on August 20, 1866. The bloodiest conflict in America’s history was now officially over. -
1rst black delegate to national convention
Frederick Douglass is 1st US black delegate to a national convention. -
African Americans given right to vote in Washington, D.C.
African American men granted the right to vote in Washington, D.C. despite President Johnson's veto -
1st Reconstruction act passed by US Congress
The first reconstruction act sets up five military districts in the South, each under the control of a military commander.Wanted to reunite the Southern and Northern states -
Congress passes 2nd Reconstruction Act
Congress passes 2nd Reconstruction Act over President Andrew Johnson's veto. -
Lincoln Memorial
Congress first approves building of Lincoln Memorial. -
Blacks vote in Alabama
Blacks vote in municipal election in Tuscumbia, Alabama. Blacks were beginning to gain the power to vote -
Reconstruction in South
Reconstruction of South begins, black voter registration. During Radical Reconstruction, which began in 1867, newly enfranchised blacks gained a voice in government for the first time in American history, winning election to southern state legislatures and even to the U.S. Congress. -
3rd reconstruction act
US Congress passed 3rd Reconstruction Act over President Andrew Johnson's veto -
First all-black college
Congress creates 1st all-black university, Howard U in Wash DC. Big step towards equal education. -
Blacks vote for first time
Blacks vote for 1st time in a US state election in the South (Tenn) -
Impeachment of Andrew Johnson
US Congress commission looks into "impeachment" of President Andrew Johnson
