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Expulsion of Acadians
On August 10th about 6,000 Acadians were sent out of their homes around Canada's Maritimes (Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, PEI and Newfoundland) to other parts of the world including American Colonies as well as England. Approximately 17 500 Acadians were deported. -
The Conquest (Battle on the plains of Abraham)
The Battle of the Plains of Abraham was an important and pivotal moment in the Seven Years War and in the history of Canada. The British invasion force was led by General James Wolfe. General Wolfe defeated the French troops under the Marquis de Montcalm. Quebec ended up surrendering to the British. At the end of the war in 1763 France surrendered many of its colonial possessions, including Canada, to the British.
http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/battle-of-the-plains-of-abraham/ -
Royal Proclamation determines First Nations are sovereign
The Royal Proclamation was a document that set guidelines on the European settlement of Aboriginal Territories. Was meant to help relations between Aboriginals and Europeans and the regulation of trade, settlement, and land purchases. -
Durnham's report report encourages assimilation of Francophone colonists
Durham had three reasons for assimilation
1.A conflict between the English and the French made an efficient governing of the province impossible.
2.Who will control the continent. If the French stick with their ancestral ways and language, in a continent ruled by the English, they will fall to a position of economic and social inferiority.
3.Because they are French, a sense of being left out has kept them from gaining at better position in government and business. -
Confederation
Canada became a nation, known as the Dominion of Canada, in 1867. This event is important to Canadian identity because its history of what our nation started out to be (four provinces, Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia) and shows how much we have grown over the past 150 years. We are now one complete nation consisting of ten provinces and three territories.
http://www.lop.parl.gc.ca/About/Parliament/Education/ourcountryourparliament/html_booklet/confederation-e.html -
The Indian Act is Passed
The Indian Act is the act passed that states how Canadians should interact with the aboriginal residents. The act has a lot of problems with it and has been amended several times. -
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The Chinese ImmigrationAct
In 1885 Canada presents the Chinese Immigration Act which states that every Chinese person entering the country must pay $50. This ended on the 14th of May 1947 but no reperations were made.
http://www.culturalcentre.ca/chinese_albertan_history/policies.htm -
Conscription Crisis during WWI
In 1917 the federal government decided to conscript young men for overseas military service. Prime Minister Sir Robert Borden believed in the military value, but because voluntary recruitment had been declining and failing to maintain troops to fight then he had to put matters into his own hands. He wanted Canada to be a strong contributor to war, and have post war influence. http://www.warmuseum.ca/firstworldwar/history/life-at-home-during-the-war/recruitment-and-conscription/conscription-1917/ -
Bill 101 is passed in Quebec, Canada
Bill 101 is the law that French is the main language of the Province of Quebec. Also known as the Charter of the French Language. It's only objective is to make French the main language of Quebec and to preserve that fact as well as give rights to the language. -
National Energy Program
was an attempt by the federal government to gain greater control over the Canadian petroleum industry, secure Canadian oil supplies, and redistribute Alberta's oil wealth to the rest of the country.
http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/national-energy-program/ -
The White Paper
In 1969 the White Paper was established, it was a policy that's goal was to abolish all former legal documents pertaining to the Aboriginal Peoples of Canada. -
Manitoba Schools Question
Manitoba joins the Canadian confederation in 1870 and a big issue raised was how the education was to be handled in this new region. Flagged as a religious issue, the francophone protestants and the anglophone roman catholics were at odds on how the schools should be run. You could see why it would be hard to decide what language they would have to use to educate the kids of the time. -
Quebec Refuses to sign the Constitution
Quebec had two main reasons for not signing the agreement. Quebec had lost its right of power to forbid/reject over future constitutional change. Another reason they wouldn't sign was a clause in the Charter of Rights which guaranteed minority language rights "where numbers warrant." This would end Quebec's Bill 101 by protecting English language rights in Quebec but also protecting French language rights in Canada.
http://www.canadahistoryproject.ca/1982/1982-07-quebec-refusal.html -
Canada Adopts Official Multiculturalism
Canada was the first country ever to adopt multiculturalism as an official policy. This cemented the value and dignity of all Canadian citizens regarding the different races, ethnic groups, and languages that are a part of Canada. The 1971 Multiculturalism Policy of Canada had confirmed the rights of Aboriginal peoples and brought up the status of Canada’s two official languages, english and french.
http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/multiculturalism/citizenship.asp -
Supreme Court determines that turbans can be worn with the RCMP uniform
wearing the religious turban in uniform was first raised in 1980 because a Sikh refused to wear a hard hat while on the job. The question was raised again over whether Sikh members of the RCMP should be allowed to wear turbans as part of their uniform. In 1990 the RCMP regulations were amended to allow members of the RCMP to be exempted from wearing parts of the official uniform on the basis of the member's religious beliefs.
http://www.plea.org/legal_resources/?a=484&searchTxt=&cat=5 -
The Oka Crisis
The Oka Crisis was a land dispute between a group of Mohawk people and the town of Oka, Quebec, Canada. Oka had plans to expand a golf course and residential onto land which had traditionally been used by the Mohawk. It included pineland and a burial ground. -
Quebec Referendum
The Quebec referendum was a vote to ask the voters of Quebec whether they should claim national sovereignty and become independent with the agreement of a political and economic agreement to Canada. -
Canada Apologizes for Residential Schools
Tens of thousands of aboriginal people were devastated from the sexual and physical abuse that they endured, they also had their culture repressed and were taught the way of the white people. Prime Minister Stephen Harper (at the time) delivered a solemn apology to the families and many others that were involved in the residential schools and the lasting pain that has stuck with them.
https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2008/06/11/harper_officially_apologizes_for_native_residential_schools.html
