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Acadians are exiled from their homes
In meetings with Acadians in July 1755 in Halifax, Lawrence pressed the delegates to take an unqualified oath of allegiance to Britain. When they refused, he imprisoned them and gave the fateful order for deportation lasting from 1755-1763. -
The Conquest (Battle on the Plains of Abraham)
The Battle of the Plains of Abraham was a pivotal moment in the Seven Years’ War and in the history of Canada. A British invasion force led by General James Wolfe defeated French troops under the Marquis de Montcalm, leading to the surrender of Quebec to the British. The French never recaptured Quebec and effectively lost control of New France in 1760. At the end of the war France surrendered many of its colonial possessions including Canada to the British. -
The Royal Proclamation determines that First Nations are sovereign
The Royal Proclamation was issued by King George III to establish the constitutional framework for the negotiation of treaties with the Aboriginal inhabitants of large sections of Canada, and it is referenced in section 25 of the Constitution. -
Lord Durham’s report encourages the assimilation of the Francophone colonists
Lord Durham, a British politician, was sent to North America in 1838 to investigate the causes of the twin rebellions the previous year in the colonies of Upper and Lower Canada. Durham's famous Report led to a series of reforms and changes including the union of the two Canada's into a single colony. Paving a way for -
Manitoba Schools Question becomes an issue in the federal election
The struggle over the rights of francophones in Manitoba to receive an education in their mother tongue and their religion is regarded as one of the most important school crises in Canada. -
The Indian Act is first created
The Indian Act is the principal statute through which the federal government administers Indian status, local First Nations governments and the management of reserve land and communal monies. It was first introduced in 1876 as a consolidation of previous colonial ordinances that aimed to eradicate First Nations culture in favour of assimilation into Euro-Canadian society. -
Chinese Head Tax discriminates
After the Canadian Pacific Railway was completed, the Chinese people were forced to pay a head tax before entering Canada. Even though the tax was raised three times it still did not work. Showing Canada's discrimination against Chinese. -
Conscription crisis during World War One
The Conscription Crisis of 1917 was a political and military crisis in Canada during World War I. It was mainly caused by disagreement on whether men should be conscripted to fight in the war, but also brought out many issues regarding relations between French Canadians and English Canadians -
The White Paper on Aboriginal Rights
The 1969 White Paper was a Canadian government policy paper that attempted to abolish previous legal documents pertaining to Indigenous peoples in Canada, including the Indian Act and treaties, and assimilate all “Indian” peoples under the Canadian state. -
Canada adopts official multiculturalism
Multiculturalism, as a term, first came into vogue in Canada in the 1960s to counter "biculturalism," popularized by the Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism. It has to a considerable extent replaced the term "cultural pluralism," although that term is still used in Québec -
The NEP is implemented
The 1980 National Energy Program was an attempt by the federal government to gain greater control over the Canadian petroleum industry, secure Canadian oil supplies, and redistribute Alberta's oil wealth to the rest of the country. -
Quebec refuses to sign the constitution
Quebec had two main reasons for not signing the agreement which brought the Canadian constitution home. With the new amending formula Quebec lost its veto over future constitutional change. Until then, Quebec or Ontario or a majority of Western or Maritime provinces could prevent any constitutional changes they didn't agree with. -
Bill 101 is passed into law in Quebec
Canada defining French, the language of the majority of the population, as the official language of the provincial government. It is the central legislative piece in Quebec's language policy. -
Supreme Court determines that turbans can be worn with the RCMP uniform
After a long fight to change the dress code of the RCMP, the Brian Mulroney government made the decision to change the dress code. Allowing Baltej Singh Dhillon and other Sikhs to wear a turban and the ability to wield a beard. -
Oka Crisis
The Oka Crisis, also known as the Mohawk Resistance, was a 78-day standoff between Mohawk protesters, police, and army. At the heart of the crisis was the proposed expansion of a golf course and development of condominiums on disputed land that included a Mohawk burial ground. From July 11–September 26 1990 -
Second referendum is held to decide if Quebec should separate from Canada
The 1995 Quebec independence referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada. -
Canada apologizes for Residential Schools
Prime Minister Stephen Harper stood in the House of Commons to offer, on behalf of the Government of Canada, an apology to Aboriginal peoples in Canada for the abuse, suffering, and generational and cultural dislocation that resulted from assimilative, government-sanctioned residential schools.
