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PLATO system
PLATO system ntroduced at the University of Illinois, was notable for its grammar-translation method, emphasizing direct translation and grammar drills -
Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL)
CALL has evolved significantly. CALL’s roots can be traced back to the development of early computer technology. The first experiments involved exercises focused on grammar and vocabulary. -
microcomputers led
The advent of microcomputers led to more sophisticated language learning programs. -
CALI
The term CALL started to replace the earlier term CALI (Computer Assisted Language Instruction) as the focus shifted from teacher-centered to learner centered approaches. Programs began incorporating audio, visuals, and more complex interactive elements. -
CD-ROMs
The introduction of the internet and multimedia technology (like CD-ROMs) revolutionized CALL. Marked the rise of web-based materials, including interactive textbooks and multimedia exercises -
Platforms
Platforms like Rosetta Stone, Duolingo, and Babbel emerged, offering interactive and gamified language learning experiences. -
MALL
MALL began to gain recognition -
Microsoft tablet PC
Introduction of devices like Microsoft tablet PC -
M-learning
The term "m-learning" became widely recognized, emphasizing learner-centered pedagogies and the use of mobile devices for educational purposes. -
ICALL
Integration of artificial intelligence has led to the development of intelligent CALL (ICALL) systems wich provide personalized feedback and adaptative learning experience.