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Civil Right Act of 1866
This Act guaranteed that black people were given equal chances to own property, sue, and contract. It was significant because it guaranteed their rights as US citizens and gave them equal economic opportunities. -
The 14th Amendment
The 14th Amendment became ratified into the Constitution which means it was officially valid as an amendment. This allowed citizenship to all people born in the United States or naturalized in the states. -
The Civil Rights Act of 1875
Congress passed this act in regard to diminishing all prohibitions in public accommodation places. These places include theatres, cemeteries, churches, ad public schools. -
Thurgood Marshall
On July 2, 1908, Thurgood Marshall is born in Baltimore, Maryland. Although this might not seem important, Marshall is a very important part of the Brown vs. Board case, as he was the lead counsel in the case. -
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People was founded in 1909 by W. E. B. Du Bois, Mary White Ovington, Moorfield Storey, and Ida B. Wells, and were prime for legal attacks on segregation. NAACP eventually tried the Brown vs. Board case. -
State of Missouri ex rel. Gaines v. Canada
This case ended in a ruling in favor of a black student who made the case that it was unfair that he was denied from a law school in Missouri. It ultimately ruled that any school that provides education for whites must provide in-state education for black students as well. This was the start to try to make the world more equal. -
Sipuel v. Board of Regents of University of Oklahoma
The Supreme Court ruled unanimously that a law school had to accept a black student named Lois Ada Sipuel and could not deny her solely based on her race. They ruled this kind of act unconstitutional. -
Sweatt v. Painter
This was a case where the University of Texas was made to accept a black student into their program. His name is Heman Sweatt. He was the first black student to be admitted into the University of Texas's law school and helped pave the way for desegregating schools. -
McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents
This case was a unanimous ruling (9-0) that prohibited racial segregation such as sitting in separate sections or spaces adjacent to the classroom prohibits learning, engagement in the class, exchanging of views, discussions with other students, and learning in general. It challenged the saying "separate but equal." -
The Start of Brown vs. Board of Education
In February of 1951, Brown vs Board of Education was filed in Kansas in the US Federal district court. -
The Bundling of the Brown vs Board of Education Cases
The Supreme Court announced that they would hear all cases. This consisted of cases that were held in Delaware. The cases were Davis v. Prince Edward County and the District of Columbia case, Bolling et al. v. Sharpe et al. This was an indication that the Supreme Court was recognizing that this was a nation wide issue. -
Brown vs Board of Education of Topeka
The decision that paved the way for equal rights for all, a ruling that said "separate but equal" was unconstitutional and ended racial segregation in schools. This law made sure that all were treated as equal and was a landmark decision for our country.