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43 BCE
Invasion of Great Britain by the Romans
First, in 55-54 BC, Romans tried to conquest Great Britain, but thanks to resistance, it was not successful. However, 100 years later, the emperor Claudius achieved the conquest : Roman era started. -
Period: 43 BCE to 410
Roman Era
It lasted for almost four centuries and the Roman culture influenced that of the West (religion, language,…). It was called the Romanisation. -
410
End of the Britain's Roman era
The Roman troops left Britain at a time when the Western Empire was being invaded from all sides, Rome itself was besieged for 2 years, from 408 to 410, and plundered by the Visigoths. -
Period: 410 to 1066
Early Medieval
During this major period, a new English kingdom, identity and language appeared. Actually , it is knew as the ‘Dark Ages’ because of the decline of culture and science. -
1066
Norman Conquest by William the Duke of Normandie
The Norman Conquest of England was the invasion of the Kingdom of England by William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy, in 1066 and his occupation of the country in the years that followed. King Edward the Confessor of England died in early 1066, leaving no children, and William ascended the throne. -
Period: 1066 to 1485
Medieval
This new era transformed Britain with in particular new architectural styles (the new Romanesque architectural style). In fact, many castles were built in order to impose Norman rule and customs. Furthermore, a new form of government emerged : all social classes had to obey the classe above. -
1485
Henry VII's victory during the Wars of the Roses
Fought on 22 August 1485, this battle was the penultimate of the war of the two Roses which was a turbulent civil war. And it was won by an alliance of Lancastrians and disaffected Yorkists. As a consequence, their leader, Henry Tudor became the first monarch of the Tudor dynasty. -
Period: 1485 to
Tudors
The Tudor family created a royal dynasty that gave its name to the period of English history between 1485 and 1603. The Tudor era marked the end of the civil war that was the War of the Roses, and covered the reigns of five monarchs who helped make England a major European power. -
Death of Elizabeth I succeded by James I or IV
At the age of 68 on 24 March 1603, Queen Elizabeth died childless of a chest infection. -
Period: to
Stuarts
The Stuart dynasty ruled England between 1603 and 1714. They were removed from the throne after the death of Anne of Great Britain. -
Death of Queen Anne replaced by the German Hanoverians
When Queen Anne died, she had no children with her husband Prince George of Denmark. That’s why her death marked the end of the Stuart dynasty. -
Period: to
Georgians
The Georgian era is a period of British history normally defined by the reigns of Kings George I, George II, George III and George IV, spanning the period from 1714 to 1837. -
Coming to the trone of Queen Victoria
Victoria came to the throne on 20 June 1837, on the death of her uncle William IV. Victoria married her first cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, in 1840. Their nine children married into various European royal and noble families, earning Victoria the nickname "Grandmother of Europe". -
Period: to
Victorians
The Victorian era in the UK marked the height of the British Industrial Revolution and the British Empire. The Victorian era refers to the years of Queen Victoria's reign, from 1837 to 1901. -
Death of Queen Victoria and beginning of the 20th century
Victoria died on 22 January 1901 at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight. Her reign of 63 years and 7 months was the second longest in the history of the United Kingdom after that of Elizabeth II. -
Period: to
20th century
The 20th century is a century of unprecedented violence during which the entire world descended into horrific wars. Moreover , Great Britain embodied a great colonial empire, which allowed it to influence the world. -
The First World War
It lasted from 1914 to the armistice on November, 11th 1918. And it was won by the Allies which were Great-Britain, France, Russia, Italy and United States. -
The Second World War
It was a terrible war which opposed two great accords : the Axis powers and the Allied powers. However, it was a second time won by the Allied powers thanks to the American landing in 1944. Finally, the Germany capitulated on May, 8th 1945. -
end of the 20th century