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One year before the arrival of the first European immigrants boarded
of the Mayflower, British settlers settled in Virginia acquire their
first African slaves. -
Invention of the cotton peeling machine, which contributes directly to
the rise of slavery in the United States. -
Abolition of the Atlantic Slave Trade. Smuggling of slaves
continues for several years -
The freedom's journal, the first American black newspaper, appears in New York.
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Dred Scott v. Sandford: the Supreme Court States that "Blacks are not American citizens and have no right that whites are bound to respect."
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Period known as "reconstruction": the right to vote is granted to black men in the southern States; several hundred are elected in the State assemblies and Congress. Northern troops occupy the South to enforce new constitutional amendments
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Founding of the Ku Klux Klan by veterans of the southern army in Pulaski, Tennessee. Their goal: to assert white supremacy, particularly in opposition to the reconstruction
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Congress votes the first civil rights law: "all persons under the jurisdiction of the United States shall be entitled to the full and equal enjoyment" of all public places, this principle "applying to all citizens irrespective of their race or co even if they have experienced servitude "
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The Supreme Court nullified the Civil Rights Act of 1875 by declaring it unconstitutional.
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Joe Louis, heavyweight boxing champion, beats the German Max Schmelling at Yankee Stadium in New York.
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Segregation disappears... in the professional baseball with the integration of Jackie Robinson in the Brooklyn Dodgers.
