-
7000 BCE
Fermentation
The Chinese discover fermentation through beer making -
Period: 7000 BCE to
Biotech Timeline
-
Period: 7000 BCE to
Biotech Timeline
-
6000 BCE
Yogurt and Cheese
Yogurt and cheese made with lactic acid-producing bacteria by various cultures -
4000 BCE
Bread/Yeast
Egyptians bake leavened bread using yeast -
500 BCE
Moldy Soybean Curds/Antibiotic
Moldy soybean curds are used an antibiotic -
250 BCE
Crop Rotation
The Greeks practice crop rotation for maximum soil fertility -
100 BCE
Chrsyanthemum
Chinese use chrysanthemum as a natural insecticide -
Bacteria and Protozoa
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek discovers and describes bacteria and protozoa -
Smallpox Vaccine
Edward Jenner uses first viral vaccine to inoculate a child from smallpox -
Bacterial Origin of Fermentation
Louis Pasteur discovers the bacterial origin of fermentation -
Laws of Inheritance
Gregor Mendel discovers the laws of inheritance -
Staining Bacteria for Identification
Robert Koch develops a technique for staining bacteria for identification -
Vaccines Against Cholera and Anthrax
Louis Pasteur develops vaccines against bacteria that cause cholera and anthrax in chickens -
Rabies Vaccine
Louis Pasteur and Emile Roux developed the first rabies vaccine and use it on Joseph Meister -
Birth of the Word Biotechnology
Karl Ereky first uses the word biotechnology -
The Stop of Duplication of Bacteria/ The first Antibiotic: Penicillin
Alexander Fleming notices that a certain mould could stop the duplication of bacteria, leading to the first antibiotic: Penicillin -
Description of the Structure of DNA
James D. Watson and Francis Creek describe the structure of DNA -
Performance of the First Successful Recombinant DNA Experiment
Stanley Norman Cohen and Herbert Boyer perform the first successful recombinant DNA experiment, using bacterial genes -
U.S Patent for Gene Cloning is Awarded
The U.S. patent for gene cloning is awarded to Cohen and Boyer -
The First Biotech Drug is Approved by the FDA
Humulin, the insulin drug produced by genetically engineered bacteria for the treatment of diabetes, is the first biotech drug approved by the FDA -
The PCR Technique
The Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique is conceived -
The First Federally Approved Gene Therapy Treatment
The first federally approved gene therapy treatment is performed successfully on a young girl who suffered from an immune disorder -
The First GM Food is Approved by the FDA
The United States FDA approves the first GM food: the "Flavr Savr" tomato -
Dolly The Sheep is Created
British scientists from the Roslin Institute report cloning Dolly, the first sheep using DNA from two adult sheep cells -
Completion of "Rough Draft" of the Human Genome Project
The completion of a "rough draft" of the human genome in the Human Genome Project -
The Human Genome Project is Completed
The Human Genome Project is completed, providing information on the locations and sequence of human genes on all 46 chromosomes -
Nervous System-Controlled Bionic Leg
Thirty-one-year-old Zac Vawter successfully uses a nervous system-controlled bionic leg to climb the Chicago Willis Tower. -
The First Mollusk was Sequenced
An international team of researchers published the full genome of the Pacific oyster, making it the first mollusk ever sequenced -
The Coaxing of Pluripotent Stem Cells and the Creation of Organoids
Austrian researchers announce that they had coaxed pluripotent stem cells made from skill cells into differentiating and growing objects known as organoids -
The Supreme Court Makes a Change
The U.S. Supreme Court rules that naturally occurring genes cannot patented -
Making Vocal Cords From Scratch
Using cells from human donors, doctors, for the first time, built a set of vocal cords from scratch. The cells were urged to form a tissue that mimics vocal fold mucosa – vibrating flaps in the larynx that create the sounds of the human voice.
